Ojio Yasutaka, Nishida Atsushi, Shimodera Shinji, Togo Fumiharu, Sasaki Tsukasa
Department of Physical and Health Education, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Sleep. 2016 Aug 1;39(8):1555-62. doi: 10.5665/sleep.6020.
To investigate sleep duration associated with the least depression/anxiety in adolescence.
Grades 7-12 Japanese students (n = 18,250, aged 12-18 y) from public junior high/high schools were studied in a cross-sectional design. Due to missing/implausible data, 15,637 out of the 18,250 students were statistically analyzed. Relationship between sleep duration on school nights and depression/anxiety, measured using self-report questionnaires, including the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), were studied by sex and grade, controlling for bedtime regularity.
When sleep duration was classified by 1-h intervals, rate of adolescents with a GHQ-12 score ≥ 4 was the lowest in males and females who slept 8.5-9.5 h and 7.5-8.5 h, respectively, (designated "references") in both grades 7-9 and 10-12. The rate was significantly higher than the references in both males and females who slept < 7.5 h, regardless of grade (P < 0.05, logistic regression). GHQ-12 tended to be worse in adolescents (2.0%-13.5%) who slept longer than the references. Sleep duration for the minimum GHQ-12 score was estimated to be 8.8 and 8.5 h in males, and 8.0 and 7.5 h in females, in grades 7-9 and 10-12, respectively, using the General Additive Model.
Sleep duration of ≥ 8.5 h on school nights may be associated with the lowest risk of depression/anxiety on average in male adolescents. Although the duration was estimated to be shorter in females (≥ 7.5 h) than males, this should be interpreted carefully. Most adolescents may currently be sleeping less than the optimal duration.
A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 1491.
调查与青少年最低抑郁/焦虑水平相关的睡眠时间。
采用横断面设计，对来自公立初中/高中的7 - 12年级日本学生（n = 18250，年龄12 - 18岁）进行研究。由于数据缺失/不可信，对18250名学生中的15637名进行了统计分析。使用包括一般健康问卷 - 12（GHQ - 12）在内的自我报告问卷，研究在校夜间睡眠时间与抑郁/焦虑之间的关系，并按性别和年级进行分析，同时控制就寝时间规律。
当按1小时间隔对睡眠时间进行分类时，在7 - 9年级和10 - 12年级中，睡眠时间为8.5 - 9.5小时的男性和7.5 - 8.5小时的女性（指定为“参考组”）中，GHQ - 12得分≥4的青少年比例最低。无论年级如何，睡眠时间<7.5小时的男性和女性中，该比例均显著高于参考组（P < 0.05，逻辑回归）。睡眠时间超过参考组的青少年中，GHQ - 12往往更差（2.0% - 13.5%）。使用广义相加模型估计，在7 - 9年级和10 - 12年级中，男性最低GHQ - 12得分对应的睡眠时间分别为8.8小时和8.5小时，女性分别为8.0小时和7.5小时。
在校夜间睡眠时间≥8.5小时可能平均与男性青少年最低的抑郁/焦虑风险相关。尽管估计女性的睡眠时间（≥7.5小时）比男性短，但对此应谨慎解读。目前大多数青少年的睡眠时间可能少于最佳时长。
关于本文的一篇评论发表在本期第1491页。
