Picanço Leide Caroline Dos Santos, Bittencourt José Adolfo Homobono Machado, Henriques Shayanne Vanessa Correia, da Silva Juliane Silva, Oliveira Juliana Maria da Silva, Ribeiro José Renato, Sanjay Antony-Babu, Carvalho José Carlos Tavares, Stien Didier, Silva Jocivânia Oliveira da
a Toxicology Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Science Course , Federal University of Amapá , Macapa , Brazil ;
b Secretary of Health, Zoonosis Service , Macapa , Brazil ;
Pharm Biol. 2016 Oct;54(10):2103-10. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1145703. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
Medicinal plants encompass a rich source of active compounds that can neutralize snake venoms or toxins. Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. (Costaceae) is used by the Amazonian population to treat inflammation, pain and other pathological manifestations.
To evaluate the influence of C. spicatus aqueous extract on edema, peritonitis, nociception, coagulation, haemorrhage and indirect haemolytic activity induced by Bothrops atrox venom (BAV).
Dried and pulverized leaves were extracted with distilled water. Envenoming was induced by administration of B. atrox snake venom in Swiss Webster mice. The experimental groups consisted of BAV (at the minimum dose to induce measurable biological responses) and C. spicatus extract (CSE, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 mg/kg/25 μl phosphate-buffered saline) administered individually and in combination (BAVCSE). PBS was used as a control. In vitro assays were also conducted in order to evaluate phospholipase A2 coagulant activities (indirect haemolytic method).
CSE significantly reduced the venom-induced edema and nociception at all concentrations tested and inhibited migration of inflammatory cells at the three least concentrations (5.0, 7.5 and 10 mg/kg/25 μl PBS). CSE was not effective in inhibiting coagulant, haemorrhagic and indirect haemolytic activities of the venom.
The data suggest that CSE could exhibit a central mechanism for pain inhibition, and may also inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. These findings corroborate the traditional administration of C. spicatus decoction to treat inflammatory disorders, including those caused by B. atrox envenomation.
药用植物含有丰富的活性化合物，可中和蛇毒或毒素。亚马逊地区的人们使用刺毛闭鞘姜（Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw.，闭鞘姜科）来治疗炎症、疼痛和其他病理表现。
评估刺毛闭鞘姜水提取物对由矛头蝮蛇毒（BAV）诱导的水肿、腹膜炎、痛觉、凝血、出血和间接溶血活性的影响。
将干燥粉碎的叶子用蒸馏水提取。在瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠中通过注射矛头蝮蛇毒诱导中毒。实验组包括单独及联合给予的BAV（诱导可测量生物反应的最小剂量）和刺毛闭鞘姜提取物（CSE，1.25、2.5、5.0、7.5和10mg/kg/25μl磷酸盐缓冲盐水）。使用PBS作为对照。还进行了体外试验以评估磷脂酶A2的凝血活性（间接溶血法）。
在所有测试浓度下，CSE均显著降低了毒液诱导的水肿和痛觉，并在最低的三个浓度（5.0、7.5和10mg/kg/25μl PBS）下抑制了炎性细胞的迁移。CSE在抑制毒液的凝血、出血和间接溶血活性方面无效。
数据表明，CSE可能表现出中枢性疼痛抑制机制，也可能抑制前列腺素合成。这些发现证实了传统上使用刺毛闭鞘姜煎剂治疗炎症性疾病，包括由矛头蝮蛇咬伤引起的疾病。
