Department of Medicine, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
World Rugby Pty (Ltd), Dublin, Ireland.
Br J Sports Med. 2016 Aug;50(15):921-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096322. Epub 2016 Jun 20.
It has recently been proposed that the tackle, an integral part of Rugby Union, be banned in school rugby, as a means to reduce the risk of injury. This proposal held that harmful contact should be removed in response to what was termed an unacceptably high-injury risk. Such a ban would represent a significant intervention that could change the nature of Rugby Union. As such, the basis and rationale for such a ban is worthy of critical evaluation. This review aims to describe the research on which such a ban is proposed. It does so through an assessment (identification), estimation (understanding of the magnitude and occurrence) and evaluation (determining acceptability) of the risk before decisions can be made about implementing any risk mitigation strategies. The body of literature describing injury risk, particularly among youths, is indeed thin and fraught with methodological differences that makes definitive conclusions impossible. We describe these, and their implications, arguing that the complete ban on the tackle may be unnecessary in young children, in whom injury risk may not be as high as is often argued, but also that it may have detrimental consequences. Finally, we propose alternative strategies and research questions which must be pursued to effectively reduce risk without creating unintended consequences or changing the nature of the sport.
最近有人提议，在学校橄榄球中禁止使用擒抱（橄榄球运动的一个重要组成部分），以降低受伤风险。这一提议认为，应该消除有害接触，以应对所谓的高受伤风险。这样的禁令将是一项重大干预措施，可能会改变橄榄球运动的性质。因此，这种禁令的依据和理由值得批判性评估。本综述旨在描述该禁令所依据的研究。它通过评估（识别）、估计（了解幅度和发生情况）和评估（确定可接受性）在做出任何减轻风险的策略之前来确定风险，然后才能做出决定。描述伤害风险（特别是在青少年中）的文献确实很少，而且存在方法上的差异，使得不可能得出明确的结论。我们描述了这些差异及其影响，认为在受伤风险可能不像人们经常认为的那么高的幼儿中，完全禁止擒抱可能是不必要的，但也可能产生不利后果。最后，我们提出了替代策略和研究问题，必须加以研究，以在不造成意外后果或改变运动性质的情况下有效降低风险。
