In food allergy, since the likelihood of a fatal reaction is low but fear, uncertainty, and lifestyle restrictions high, health-related quality of life (HRQL) may be a more meaningful measure of outcome in research and practice. HRQL is influenced by physiological, psychological, and environmental variables and can be best understood by considering the interactions of factors that cut across multiple levels. In this article we review both quantitative and qualitative research findings to provide an in-depth picture of the impact of food allergy on the concerns and the everyday lives of children, teens, adults, and parents. Research on factors that are related to, and impact on, HRQL is also discussed. We conclude by exploring some methodological and design issues in relation to the measurement of HRQL in food allergy and offer some recommendations for research and practice.