美国儿童中家长报告的与食物过敏相关的缺课天数所带来的公共卫生负担。
The public health burden of parent-reported food allergy-related missed school days among US children.
作者信息
Sansweet Samantha R, Dyer Ashley A, Hultquist Haley W, Gupta Ruchi S, Warren Christopher M
机构信息
From the Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and.
出版信息
J Food Allergy. 2024 Jul 1;6(1):47-51. doi: 10.2500/jfa.2024.6.240001. eCollection 2024 Jul.
BACKGROUND
Food allergy (FA) is a common chronic condition among U.S. children. Children with FA and their families often report greater psychosocial burden, which is adversely impacted by the inability to participate in daily activities. Regularly attending school remains central to supporting the well-being of children with FAs and related academic success.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to estimate the frequency of FA-related school absences, determine predictors, and understand how report of such absences is associated with FA-related psychosocial burden.
METHODS
A survey was administered to a nationally representative sample of U.S. households in 2015-2016, obtaining parent-proxy responses for 38,408 children. Prevalence estimates were based on responses from NORC's AmeriSpeak Panel (51% completion rate), which were augmented by nonprobability-based responses calibration weighting to increase precision. Prevalence was estimated weighted proportions. Multiple logistic regression models evaluated factors associated with FA-related missed school days.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven percent of children with FA who attended school in the past 12 months reportedly had one or more FA-related absence, with 13% missing 1-2 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.41-15.49 days), 17% missing 3-7 days (95% CI, 6.82-10.91 days), and 4% missing 8-14 days (95% CI, 3.13-6.20 days). Hispanic children were more likely to report missed school days in the past 12 months compared with white, non-Hispanic children with FA (odds ratio [OR] 1.62 [95% CI, 1.16-2.26]). Children with multiple FAs (OR 1.35 [95% CI, 1.03-1.76]), history of epinephrine use (OR 2.22 [95% CI, 1.70-2.90]), and anaphylaxis (OR 1.64 [95% CI, 1.26-2.14]) in the past 12 months, and those with a current epinephrine prescription (OR 1.05 [95% CI, 0.075-1.47]) have greater odds of reported FA-related school absence. Report of one or more FA-related absences was also associated with greater FA-related psychosocial burden (OR 1.72 [95% CI, 1.46-2.01]).
CONCLUSION
Parent report of children missing school for reasons related to FA is remarkably common and associated with greater FA-related psychosocial burden.
背景
食物过敏（FA）是美国儿童中常见的慢性疾病。患有食物过敏的儿童及其家庭常报告心理社会负担更重，而无法参与日常活动会对其产生不利影响。正常上学对于支持患有食物过敏的儿童的幸福和相关学业成就仍然至关重要。
目的
目的是估计与食物过敏相关的缺课频率，确定预测因素，并了解此类缺课报告与食物过敏相关的心理社会负担之间的关联。
方法
2015 - 2016年对具有全国代表性的美国家庭样本进行了一项调查，获得了38408名儿童的家长代答。患病率估计基于美国国家民意研究中心（NORC）的美国民意调查小组的回复（完成率51%），并通过基于非概率回复的校准加权来提高精度。患病率通过加权比例进行估计。多个逻辑回归模型评估了与食物过敏相关的缺课天数相关的因素。
结果
据报告，在过去12个月上学的患有食物过敏的儿童中，37%有一次或多次与食物过敏相关的缺课，其中13%缺课1 - 2天（95%置信区间[CI]，11.41 - 15.49天），17%缺课3 - 7天（95% CI，6.82 - 10.91天），4%缺课8 - 14天（95% CI，3.13 - 6.20天）。与患有食物过敏的非西班牙裔白人儿童相比，西班牙裔儿童在过去12个月更有可能报告缺课（优势比[OR] 1.62 [95% CI，1.16 - 2.26]）。在过去12个月中有多种食物过敏（OR 1.35 [95% CI，1.03 - 1.76]）、使用肾上腺素史（OR 2.22 [95% CI，1.70 - 2.90]）和过敏反应（OR 1.64 [95% CI，1.26 - 2.14]）的儿童，以及目前有肾上腺素处方的儿童（OR 1.05 [95% CI，0.075 - 1.47]）报告与食物过敏相关的缺课的几率更高。报告一次或多次与食物过敏相关的缺课也与更大的食物过敏相关的心理社会负担相关（OR 1.72 [95% CI，1.46 - 2.01]）。
结论
家长报告孩子因食物过敏相关原因缺课的情况非常普遍，并且与更大的食物过敏相关的心理社会负担相关。
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