Montross-Thomas Lori P, Scheiber Caroline, Meier Emily A, Irwin Scott A
1 Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California.
2 Moores Cancer Center, Psychiatry and Psychosocial Services, Patient and Family Support Services, University of California , San Diego, San Diego, California.
J Palliat Med. 2016 Oct;19(10):1043-1050. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2015.0294. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
Rituals can increase a sense of connectedness, meaning, and support, especially after the death of those for whom we care. Hospice staff may benefit from the use of personal rituals as they cope with the frequent deaths of their patients, ultimately aiming to provide compassionate care while minimizing burnout.
This study investigated the role of personally meaningful rituals in increasing compassion and decreasing burnout among hospice staff and volunteers.
An online survey was completed by members of the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO) which inquired about personal ritual practices, and included the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale to measure current levels of Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress.
SETTING/SUBJECTS: Three hundred ninety hospice staff and volunteers from across 38 states completed the online survey. The majority of participants were Caucasian and female, with an average of nine years of experience in hospice and palliative care.
The majority of hospice staff and volunteers used personally meaningful rituals after the death of their patients to help them cope (71%). Those who used rituals demonstrated significantly higher Compassion Satisfaction and significantly lower Burnout as measured by the ProQOL, with professional support, social support, and age playing significant roles as well.
Rituals may be an important way to increase compassion and decrease burnout among hospice staff and volunteers. Organizations may benefit from providing training and support for personalized rituals among team members, especially new staff who may be at greater risk for burnout.
仪式可以增强联系感、意义感和支持感，尤其是在我们所关心的人去世之后。临终关怀工作人员在应对患者频繁死亡的过程中，可能会从个人仪式的运用中受益，其最终目标是在尽量减少职业倦怠的同时提供富有同情心的护理。
本研究调查了具有个人意义的仪式在增强临终关怀工作人员和志愿者的同情心以及减少职业倦怠方面的作用。
美国国家临终关怀与姑息治疗组织（NHPCO）的成员完成了一项在线调查，该调查询问了个人仪式行为，并包括职业生活质量（ProQOL）量表，以测量当前的同情心满意度、职业倦怠和继发性创伤压力水平。
设置/对象：来自38个州的390名临终关怀工作人员和志愿者完成了在线调查。大多数参与者是白种女性，平均有九年的临终关怀和姑息治疗经验。
大多数临终关怀工作人员和志愿者在患者去世后会采用具有个人意义的仪式来帮助自己应对（71%）。通过ProQOL量表测量，那些采用仪式的人表现出显著更高的同情心满意度和显著更低的职业倦怠，专业支持、社会支持和年龄也发挥了重要作用。
仪式可能是增强临终关怀工作人员和志愿者的同情心以及减少职业倦怠的重要方式。组织可以通过为团队成员，尤其是可能面临更高职业倦怠风险的新员工提供个性化仪式的培训和支持而受益。
