Alsairafi Zahra Khalil, Taylor Kevin Michael Geoffrey, Smith Felicity J, Alattar Abdulnabi T
Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College of London, London, UK.
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College of London, London, UK.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2016 Jun 10;10:1051-62. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S104335. eCollection 2016.
The increased prevalence of diabetes in Middle Eastern countries is a health policy priority. Important risk factors for diabetes have been identified. Lifestyle interventions and adherence to medications are central to disease prevention and management. This review focuses on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Middle Eastern countries. The aim is to identify the ways in which knowledge, health beliefs, and social and cultural factors influence adherence to medication and lifestyle measures. Thirty-four studies were identified following a systematic search of the literature. The studies describe the influence of knowledge, health beliefs, culture, and lifestyle on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Middle East. Findings indicate a lack of health knowledge about diabetes among populations, which has implications for health behaviors, medication adherence, and treatment outcomes. Many identified health beliefs and cultural lifestyle factors, such as religious beliefs, beliefs about fasting during Ramadan, and sedentary lifestyles played a role in patients' decisions. For better management of this disease, a collaborative approach between patients, their families, health care professionals, and governments should be adopted. Implementing behavioral strategies and psychological interventions that incorporate all health care professionals in the management process have been shown to be effective methods. Such services help patients change their behavior. However, the utilization of such services and interventions is still limited in Arabian countries. Physicians in the Middle East are the health care professionals most involved in the care process.
中东国家糖尿病患病率的上升是卫生政策的重点。已确定了糖尿病的重要风险因素。生活方式干预和坚持服药是疾病预防和管理的核心。本综述聚焦于中东国家2型糖尿病的管理。目的是确定知识、健康观念以及社会和文化因素影响服药依从性和生活方式措施的方式。在对文献进行系统检索后，确定了34项研究。这些研究描述了知识、健康观念、文化和生活方式对中东地区2型糖尿病管理的影响。研究结果表明，人群中缺乏关于糖尿病的健康知识，这对健康行为、服药依从性和治疗结果都有影响。许多已确定的健康观念和文化生活方式因素，如宗教信仰、斋月期间禁食的观念以及久坐不动的生活方式，在患者的决策中发挥了作用。为了更好地管理这种疾病，患者、其家人、医疗保健专业人员和政府之间应采用协作方法。实施将所有医疗保健专业人员纳入管理过程的行为策略和心理干预已被证明是有效的方法。此类服务有助于患者改变行为。然而，在阿拉伯国家，此类服务和干预的利用仍然有限。中东地区的医生是参与护理过程最多的医疗保健专业人员。
