Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States.
Chem Rev. 2016 Sep 28;116(18):10473-512. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00687. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
In the past two decades, the synthetic development of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) has been intensively explored for both fundamental scientific research and technological applications. Different from the bulk magnet, magnetic NPs exhibit unique magnetism, which enables the tuning of their magnetism by systematic nanoscale engineering. In this review, we first briefly discuss the fundamental features of magnetic NPs. We then summarize the synthesis of various magnetic NPs, including magnetic metal, metallic alloy, metal oxide, and multifunctional NPs. We focus on the organic phase syntheses of magnetic NPs with precise control over their sizes, shapes, compositions, and structures. Finally we discuss the applications of various magnetic NPs in sensitive diagnostics and therapeutics, high-density magnetic data recording and energy storage, as well as in highly efficient catalysis.
在过去的二十年中，磁性纳米粒子（NPs）的合成发展受到了广泛的关注，既用于基础科学研究，也用于技术应用。与体磁铁不同，磁性 NPs 表现出独特的磁性，这使得通过系统的纳米级工程可以调整其磁性。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要讨论了磁性 NPs 的基本特征。然后，我们总结了各种磁性 NPs 的合成，包括磁性金属、金属合金、金属氧化物和多功能 NPs。我们重点介绍了具有精确控制尺寸、形状、组成和结构的磁性 NPs 的有机相合成。最后，我们讨论了各种磁性 NPs 在敏感诊断和治疗、高密度磁数据记录和储能以及高效催化中的应用。
