Richard Caroline, Lewis Erin D, Goruk Susan, Field Catherine J
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E1.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E1.
J Nutr Biochem. 2016 Sep;35:22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.05.014. Epub 2016 Jun 19.
The objective of the study was to isolate the effect of feeding a diet supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during the suckling and/or the weaning period on immune system development and function in offspring. Dams were randomized to one of two nutritionally adequate diets: control diet (N=12, 0% DHA) or DHA diet (N=8, 0.9% DHA). Diets were fed to dams throughout lactation, and then at weaning (21d), two pups per dam were randomly assigned to continue on the same diet as the dam or consume the other experimental diet for an additional 21d. At 6 weeks, splenocyte phenotypes and ex vivo cytokine production after stimulation with concanavalin A (ConA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or ovalbumin were assessed. Pups who received the control diet during both periods had the lowest production of IL-2 after ConA (P<.05 for interaction). Pups fed DHA during suckling had higher IL-10 production after all mitogens, regardless of the weaning diet (P<.05). Feeding DHA at weaning, regardless of the suckling diet, resulted in a lower production of IL-1β and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated splenocytes and a higher proportion of total CD27+ cells (all P<.03). Our findings suggest that providing no DHA during critical periods of immune development resulted in a less efficient Th1 response upon challenge (IL-2 production). Feeding DHA during suckling had a programming effect on the ability of splenocytes to produce the regulatory cytokine IL-10. Feeding a DHA diet during weaning led to a lower TNF-α and IL-1β response to a bacterial antigen.
本研究的目的是分离在哺乳期和/或断奶期饲喂添加二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的日粮对后代免疫系统发育和功能的影响。将母鼠随机分为两种营养充足的日粮组：对照日粮组（N = 12，0% DHA）或DHA日粮组（N = 8，0.9% DHA）。在整个哺乳期给母鼠饲喂日粮，然后在断奶时（21日龄），每只母鼠随机选取两只幼崽继续饲喂与母鼠相同的日粮，或再额外饲喂21天另一种实验日粮。在6周龄时，评估用伴刀豆球蛋白A（ConA）、脂多糖（LPS）或卵清蛋白刺激后脾细胞表型和体外细胞因子产生情况。在两个时期均接受对照日粮的幼崽在ConA刺激后IL-2产生量最低（交互作用P<0.05）。无论断奶日粮如何，在哺乳期饲喂DHA的幼崽在所有促细胞分裂剂刺激后IL-10产生量更高（P<0.05）。无论哺乳期日粮如何，在断奶期饲喂DHA会导致LPS刺激的脾细胞中IL-1β和TNF-α产生量降低，以及总CD27+细胞比例更高（所有P<0.03）。我们的研究结果表明，在免疫发育的关键时期不提供DHA会导致在受到挑战时Th1反应效率较低（IL-2产生）。在哺乳期饲喂DHA对脾细胞产生调节性细胞因子IL-10的能力具有编程作用。在断奶期饲喂DHA日粮会导致对细菌抗原的TNF-α和IL-1β反应降低。
