Amran Adel A, Zakaria Zaiton, Othman Faizah, Das Srijit, Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M, Raj Santhana, Nordin Nor-Anita Mm
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
EXCLI J. 2012 Jun 15;11:274-83. eCollection 2012.
Previous research has shown the beneficial effects of aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (P.s) on atherosclerosis. The first stage in atherosclerosis is the formation of foam cell. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the methanol extract of P.s on fatty streaks by calculating neointimal foam cell infiltration in rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet. Thirty six male New Zealand white rabbits were divided equally into six groups: (i) C: control group fed normal rabbit chow; (ii) CH: cholesterol diet (1 % cholesterol); (iii) PM1: 1 % cholesterol with methanol extract of P.s (62.5 mg/kg); (iv) PM2: 1 % cholesterol with methanol extract of P.s (125 mg/kg); (v) PM3: 1 % cholesterol with methanol extract of P.s (250 mg/kg); (vi) SMV group fed 1 % cholesterol supplemented with Simvistatin drug (1.2 mg/kg). All animals were treated for 10 weeks. At the end of the treatment, the rabbits were fasted and sacrificed and the aortic tissues were collected for histological studies to measure the area of the neointimal foam cell infiltration using software. The thickening of intima ratio of atherosclerosis and morphological changes by scanning electron microscope were measured. The results showed that the atherosclerotic group had significantly bigger area of fatty streak compared to the control group. The area of fatty streak in the abdominal aorta was significantly reduced in the treatment groups which were similar with the SMV group. Similarly, there was a reduction in the number of foam cell in the treatment groups compared to the atherosclerotic group as seen under scanning microscope. In conclusion, histological study demonstrated that the methanol extract of the P.s could reduce the neointimal foam cell infiltration in the lumen of the aorta and the atherosclerotic lesion.
先前的研究已表明荜茇水提取物对动脉粥样硬化具有有益作用。动脉粥样硬化的第一阶段是泡沫细胞的形成。本研究的目的是通过计算高胆固醇饮食喂养的兔子的新内膜泡沫细胞浸润情况，来研究荜茇甲醇提取物对脂肪条纹的影响。36只雄性新西兰白兔被平均分为六组：（i）C组：喂食正常兔粮的对照组；（ii）CH组：胆固醇饮食（1%胆固醇）；（iii）PM1组：1%胆固醇加荜茇甲醇提取物（62.5毫克/千克）；（iv）PM2组：1%胆固醇加荜茇甲醇提取物（125毫克/千克）；（v）PM3组：1%胆固醇加荜茇甲醇提取物（250毫克/千克）；（vi）SMV组：喂食1%胆固醇并补充辛伐他汀药物（1.2毫克/千克）。所有动物均接受治疗10周。治疗结束时，兔子禁食并处死，收集主动脉组织进行组织学研究，使用软件测量新内膜泡沫细胞浸润面积。测量动脉粥样硬化内膜增厚率以及通过扫描电子显微镜观察形态变化。结果显示，与对照组相比，动脉粥样硬化组的脂肪条纹面积显著更大。治疗组腹主动脉的脂肪条纹面积显著减小，与SMV组相似。同样，在扫描显微镜下可见，与动脉粥样硬化组相比，治疗组的泡沫细胞数量减少。总之，组织学研究表明，荜茇甲醇提取物可减少主动脉腔内新内膜泡沫细胞浸润及动脉粥样硬化病变。
