Nolan John M, Power Rebecca, Stringham Jim, Dennison Jessica, Stack Jim, Kelly David, Moran Rachel, Akuffo Kwadwo O, Corcoran Laura, Beatty Stephen
Macular Pigment Research Group Nutrition Research Centre Ireland, School of Health Sciences, Carriganore House, Waterford Institute of Technology, West Campus, Carriganore, Waterford, Ireland.
Nutritional Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Jun 1;57(7):3429-39. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19520.
The high-performance visual function associated with central vision is mediated by the macula (the central retina), which accumulates three diet-derived pigments (the carotenoids lutein [L], zeaxanthin [Z], and meso-zeaxanthin [MZ]). Our study sought to investigate the impact on visual function, including contrast sensitivity (CS), of supplementation with these naturally occurring carotenoids, in individuals with low retinal concentrations.
Subjects consumed daily a formulation containing 10 mg L, 2 mg Z, and 10 mg MZ (active group; n = 53) or placebo (n = 52) for a period of 12 months. Study visits were at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Contrast sensitivity at 6 cycles per degree (cpd) was the primary outcome measure (POM). Secondary outcome measures included CS at other spatial frequencies, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), glare disability, photostress recovery, and light scatter. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) was measured using dual-wavelength autofluorescence, and serum carotenoid concentrations were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Compared to placebo, statistically significant improvements from baseline CS were detected at 6 (P = 0.002) and 1.2 (P = 0.004) cpd in the active group. Additionally, improvements in CS were commensurate with the observed increases in retinal concentrations of these carotenoids (r = 0.342, P = 0.002 at 6 cpd).
These results indicate that dietary fortification with the macular carotenoids can have meaningful effects on visual function.
与中央视觉相关的高性能视觉功能由黄斑（视网膜中央）介导，黄斑中积累了三种源自饮食的色素（类胡萝卜素叶黄素[L]、玉米黄质[Z]和内消旋玉米黄质[MZ]）。我们的研究旨在调查补充这些天然存在的类胡萝卜素对视网膜浓度较低的个体的视觉功能（包括对比敏感度[CS]）的影响。
受试者每天服用含有10毫克L、2毫克Z和10毫克MZ的制剂（活性组；n = 53）或安慰剂（n = 52），为期12个月。研究访视时间为基线、3个月、6个月和12个月。每度6周/度（cpd）的对比敏感度是主要结局指标（POM）。次要结局指标包括其他空间频率下的CS、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、眩光障碍、光应激恢复和光散射。使用双波长自发荧光测量黄斑色素光密度（MPOD），并使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分析血清类胡萝卜素浓度。
与安慰剂相比，活性组在6（P = 0.002）和1.2（P = 0.004）cpd时，从基线CS有统计学意义的改善。此外，CS的改善与这些类胡萝卜素在视网膜浓度的观察增加相当（在6 cpd时r = 0.342，P = 0.00）。
这些结果表明，用黄斑类胡萝卜素进行膳食强化可对视觉功能产生有意义的影响。
