利用单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记检测到的大麦某些农艺性状的数量性状基因座（QTL）
QTL underlying some agronomic traits in barley detected by SNP markers.
作者信息
Wang Jibin, Sun Genlou, Ren Xifeng, Li Chengdao, Liu Lipan, Wang Qifei, Du Binbin, Sun Dongfa
机构信息
College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.
出版信息
BMC Genet. 2016 Jul 7;17(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s12863-016-0409-y.
BACKGROUND
Increasing the yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a main breeding goal in developing barley cultivars. A high density genetic linkage map containing 1894 SNP and 68 SSR markers covering 1375.8 cM was constructed and used for mapping quantitative traits. A late-generation double haploid population (DH) derived from the Huaai 11 × Huadamai 6 cross was used to identify QTLs and QTL × environment interactions for ten traits affecting grain yield including length of main spike (MSL), spikelet number on main spike (SMS), spikelet number per plant (SLP), grain number per plant (GP), grain weight per plant (GWP), grain number per spike (GS), thousand grain weight (TGW), grain weight per spike (GWS), spike density (SPD) and spike number per plant (SP).
RESULTS
In single environment analysis using composite interval mapping (CIM), a total of 221 QTLs underlying the ten traits were detected in five consecutive years (2009-2013). The QTLs detected in each year were 50, 48, 41, 41 and 41 for the year 2009 to 2013. The QTLs associated with these traits were generally clustered on chromosome 2H, 4H and 7H. In multi-environment analysis, a total of 111 significant QTLs including 18 for MSL, 16 for SMS, 15 for SPD, 5 for SP, 4 for SLP, 14 for TGW, 5 for GP, 11 for GS, 8 for GWP, and 15 for GWS were detected in the five years. Most QTLs showed significant QTL × environment interactions (QEI), nine QTLs (qIMSL3-1, qIMSL4-1, qIMSL4-2, qIMSL6-1, qISMS7-1, qISPD2-7, qISPD7-1, qITGW3-1 and qIGWS4-3) were detected with minimal QEI effects and stable in different years. Among 111 QTLs,71 (63.40 %) QTLs were detected in both single and multiple environments.
CONCLUSIONS
Three main QTL cluster regions associated with the 10 agronomic traits on chromosome 2H, 4H and 7H were detected. The QTLs for SMS, SLP, GP and GWP were located in the region near Vrs1 on chromosome 2H. The QTLs underlying SMS, SPD and SLP were clustered on chromosome 4H. On the terminal of chromosome 7H, there was a QTL cluster associated with TGW, SPD, GWP and GWS. The information will be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in barley breeding.
背景
提高大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）产量是大麦品种培育的主要育种目标。构建了一张包含1894个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记和68个简单序列重复（SSR）标记、覆盖长度为1375.8厘摩（cM）的高密度遗传连锁图谱，并用于数量性状定位。利用淮麦11×华大麦6杂交衍生的高世代双单倍体群体（DH），对影响产量的10个性状进行数量性状基因座（QTL）及QTL与环境互作分析，这些性状包括主穗长度（MSL）、主穗小穗数（SMS）、单株小穗数（SLP）、单株粒数（GP）、单株粒重（GWP）、每穗粒数（GS）、千粒重（TGW）、每穗粒重（GWS）、穗密度（SPD）和单株穗数（SP）。
结果
在使用复合区间作图法（CIM）进行的单环境分析中，连续五年（2009 - 2013年）共检测到10个性状的221个QTL。2009年至2013年每年检测到的QTL数量分别为50、48、41、41和41个。与这些性状相关的QTL通常聚集在2H、4H和7H染色体上。在多环境分析中，五年共检测到111个显著QTL，其中包括18个与MSL相关的、16个与SMS相关的、15个与SPD相关的、5个与SP相关的、4个与SLP相关的、14个与TGW相关的、5个与GP相关的、11个与GS相关的、8个与GWP相关的以及15个与GWS相关的。大多数QTL表现出显著的QTL与环境互作（QEI），检测到9个QTL（qIMSL3 - 1、qIMSL4 - 1、qIMSL4 - 2、qIMSL6 - 1、qISMS7 - 1、qISPD2 - 7、qISPD7 - 1、qITGW3 - 1和qIGWS4 - 3）的QEI效应最小且在不同年份稳定。在111个QTL中，71个（63.40%）在单环境和多环境中均被检测到。
结论
检测到与10个农艺性状相关联的三个主要QTL簇区域位于2H、4H和7H染色体上。与SMS、SLP、GP和GWP相关的QTL位于2H染色体上靠近Vrs1的区域。与SMS、SPD和SLP相关的QTL聚集在4H染色体上。在7H染色体末端，存在一个与TGW、SPD、GWP和GWS相关的QTL簇。这些信息将有助于大麦育种中的标记辅助选择（MAS）。
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