Vafadarshamasbiasbi Ulduz, Jamali Seyed Hossein, Sadeghzadeh Behzad, Abdollahi Mandoulakani Babak
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityMaragheh, Iran.
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension OrganizationKaraj, Iran.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 18;8:688. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00688. eCollection 2017.
Many traits play essential roles in determining crop yield. Wide variation for morphological traits exists in ., but the genetic basis of this morphological variation is largely unknown. To understand genetic basis controlling morphological traits affecting yield, a barley doubled haploid population (146 individuals) derived from Clipper × Sahara 3771 was used to map chromosome regions underlying days to awn appearance, plant height, fertile spike number, flag leaf length, spike length, harvest index, seed number per plant, thousands kernel weight, and grain yield. Twenty-seven QTLs for nine traits were mapped to the barley genome that described 3-69% of phenotypic variations; and some genomic regions harbor a given QTL for more than one trait. Out of 27 QTLs identified, 19 QTLs were novel. Chromosomal regions on 1H, 2H, 4H, and 6H associated with seed grain yield, and chromosome regions on 2H and 6H had major effects on grain yield (GY). One major QTL for seed number per plant was flanked by marker VRS1-KSUF15 on chromosome 2H. This QTL was also associated with GY. Some loci controlling thousands kernel weight (TKW), fertile spike number (FSN), and GY were the same. The major grain yield QTL detected on linkage PSR167 co-localized with TAM10. Two major QTLs controlling TKW and FSN were also mapped at this locus. Eight QTLs on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, and 7H consistently affected spike characteristics. One major QTL (ANIONT1A-TACMD) on 4H affected both spike length (SL) and spike number explained 9 and 5% of the variation of SL and FSN, respectively. In conclusion, this study could cast some light on the genetic basis of the studied pivotal traits. Moreover, fine mapping of the identified major effect markers may facilitate the application of molecular markers in barley breeding programs.
许多性状在决定作物产量方面起着至关重要的作用。在……中，形态性状存在广泛变异，但这种形态变异的遗传基础很大程度上尚不清楚。为了了解控制影响产量的形态性状的遗传基础，利用一个由Clipper×Sahara 3771衍生的大麦双单倍体群体（146个个体）来定位与芒出现天数、株高、可育穗数、旗叶长度、穗长、收获指数、单株种子数、千粒重和籽粒产量相关的染色体区域。九个性状的27个QTL被定位到大麦基因组上，这些QTL解释了3%-69%的表型变异；并且一些基因组区域含有一个以上性状的给定QTL。在鉴定出的27个QTL中，19个QTL是新的。1H、2H、4H和6H染色体上的区域与籽粒产量相关，2H和6H染色体区域对籽粒产量（GY）有主要影响。2H染色体上一个控制单株种子数的主要QTL位于标记VRS1-KSUF15两侧。这个QTL也与GY相关。一些控制千粒重（TKW）、可育穗数（FSN）和GY的位点是相同的。在连锁群PSR167上检测到的主要籽粒产量QTL与TAM10共定位。两个控制TKW和FSN的主要QTL也定位在这个位点。1H、2H、3H、4H、5H、6H和7H染色体上的八个QTL一致影响穗部特征。4H染色体上一个主要QTL（ANIONT1A-TACMD）同时影响穗长（SL）和穗数，分别解释了SL和FSN变异的9%和5%。总之，本研究可为所研究的关键性状的遗传基础提供一些线索。此外，对已鉴定的主效标记进行精细定位可能有助于分子标记在大麦育种计划中的应用。
