Jörntell Henrik
Neural Basis of Sensorimotor Control, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden.
J Physiol. 2017 Jan 1;595(1):11-27. doi: 10.1113/JP272769. Epub 2016 Aug 31.
Existing knowledge of the cerebellar microcircuitry structure and physiology allows a rather detailed description of what it in itself can and cannot do. Combined with a known mapping of different cerebellar regions to afferent systems and motor output target structures, there are several constraints that can be used to describe how specific components of the cerebellar microcircuitry may work during sensorimotor control. In fact, as described in this review, the major factor that hampers further progress in understanding cerebellar function is the limited insights into the circuitry-level function of the targeted motor output systems and the nature of the information in the mossy fiber afferents. The cerebellar circuitry in itself is here summarized as a gigantic associative memory element, primarily consisting of the parallel fiber synapses, whereas most other circuitry components, including the climbing fiber system, primarily has the role of maintaining activity balance in the intracerebellar and extracerebellar circuitry. The review explores the consistency of this novel interpretational framework with multiple diverse observations at the synaptic and microcircuitry level within the cerebellum.
现有的关于小脑微回路结构和生理学的知识，使得人们能够相当详细地描述小脑自身能做什么以及不能做什么。结合不同小脑区域与传入系统和运动输出目标结构的已知映射关系，有几个限制条件可用于描述小脑微回路的特定组件在感觉运动控制过程中可能如何工作。事实上，正如本综述中所描述的，阻碍我们进一步理解小脑功能的主要因素是对目标运动输出系统的回路水平功能以及苔藓纤维传入信息的性质了解有限。小脑回路本身在这里被概括为一个巨大的联想记忆元件，主要由平行纤维突触组成，而大多数其他回路组件，包括攀缘纤维系统，主要作用是维持小脑内和小脑外回路中的活动平衡。本综述探讨了这个新的解释框架与小脑内突触和微回路水平上多种不同观察结果的一致性。
