Zenko Zachary, Ekkekakis Panteleimon, Ariely Dan
Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2016 Apr;38(2):149-59. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2015-0286. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
There is a paucity of methods for improving the affective experience of exercise. We tested a novel method based on discoveries about the relation between exercise intensity and pleasure, and lessons from behavioral economics. We examined the effect of reversing the slope of pleasure during exercise from negative to positive on pleasure and enjoyment, remembered pleasure, and forecasted pleasure. Forty-six adults were randomly assigned to a 15-min bout of recumbent cycling of either increasing intensity (0-120% of watts corresponding to the ventilatory threshold) or decreasing intensity (120-0%). Ramping intensity down, thereby eliciting a positive slope of pleasure during exercise, improved postexercise pleasure and enjoyment, remembered pleasure, and forecasted pleasure. The slope of pleasure accounted for 35-46% of the variance in remembered and forecasted pleasure from 15 min to 7 days postexercise. Ramping intensity down makes it possible to combine exposure to vigorous and moderate intensities with a pleasant affective experience.
改善运动情感体验的方法匮乏。我们基于对运动强度与愉悦感之间关系的发现以及行为经济学的经验教训，测试了一种新方法。我们研究了在运动过程中将愉悦感的斜率从负向转为正向，对愉悦感、享受感、记忆中的愉悦感以及预期愉悦感的影响。46名成年人被随机分配进行15分钟的卧式自行车骑行，骑行强度要么递增（对应通气阈值的瓦特数的0 - 120%），要么递减（120 - 0%）。强度递减，从而在运动过程中产生正向的愉悦感斜率，改善了运动后的愉悦感和享受感、记忆中的愉悦感以及预期愉悦感。愉悦感斜率在运动后15分钟到7天内，解释了记忆中的愉悦感和预期愉悦感35 - 46%的变异。强度递减使得将高强度和中等强度运动与愉悦的情感体验相结合成为可能。
