National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2016 Aug 30;254:103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.012. Epub 2016 Jun 24.
Previous research has reported mixed evidence of sex differences in the relationship between heavy alcohol use and deficits in behavioural control. Here, we examine sex differences in behavioural and event-related potential (ERP) markers of deficient inhibition. Participants were 71 young adults aged 18-21, who either drank heavily regularly (i.e., four standard drinks on one occasion, at least once a month, n=33, 20 male) or drank heavily less often than this (including never, n=38, 21 male). They completed a stop-signal task while ERPs were recorded. Increases in stop-signal reaction time, the time required to stop a response, were related to heavy drinking only in female participants. P3 amplitude, ERN amplitude and ERN latency did not display a significant interaction between group and sex. Heavy drinkers, regardless of sex, displayed a marginally larger successful>failed effect for P3 amplitude, and a marginally smaller error-related negativity. An apparent disconnect exists in behavioural and psychophysiological measures of sex differences in the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and inhibitory processing; male heavy drinkers display only psychophysiological but not behavioural deficits, while female heavy drinkers display both. Future research may determine whether sex differences are apparent for other substances besides alcohol.
先前的研究报告表明，在大量饮酒与行为控制缺陷之间的关系上，存在性别差异的混合证据。在这里，我们研究了行为和事件相关电位（ERP）抑制缺陷的性别差异标记物。参与者为 71 名年龄在 18-21 岁的年轻人，他们要么经常大量饮酒（即一次喝四标准杯，每月至少一次，n=33，20 名男性），要么不经常大量饮酒（包括从不饮酒，n=38，21 名男性）。他们在记录 ERP 的同时完成了停止信号任务。停止信号反应时间（即停止反应所需的时间）的增加仅与女性参与者的大量饮酒有关。P3 振幅、ERN 振幅和 ERN 潜伏期在组间和性别之间没有显示出显著的相互作用。无论性别如何，大量饮酒者的 P3 振幅的成功>失败效应都略有增大，而错误相关负波则略有减小。在大量饮酒与抑制加工之间的关系的性别差异的行为和心理生理测量中，存在明显的脱节；男性大量饮酒者仅表现出心理生理上的缺陷，而女性大量饮酒者则表现出两种缺陷。未来的研究可能会确定除酒精以外的其他物质是否存在性别差异。
