Amaro H, Zuckerman B, Cabral H
Department of Pediatrics, Boston City Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts.
Pediatrics. 1989 Jul;84(1):144-51.
Adolescent pregnancy and adolescent drug use are important clinical and public health problems. Yet, few studies have systematically investigated the patterns of substance use among pregnant and parenting adolescents. Because adverse outcomes are not found uniformly for all adolescent mothers, use of illicit drugs may be a key factor in determining which mothers and their infants will have poor outcomes. In this study, the patterns of drug use are described and differences in the demographic and psychosocial profile among 253 pregnant adolescents are investigated. Results obtained from interviews and urine assay for marijuana and cocaine indicate that lifetime use was 84% for alcohol, 62% for marijuana, and 23% for cocaine, whereas use in the past year was 40% for marijuana and 17% for cocaine. Compared with nonusers, pregnant adolescent drug users were more likely to be North American black, have a history of elective abortion and venereal disease, report more negative life events and violence during pregnancy, and receive more support from the father of the baby who was more likely to use marijuana and cocaine (P less than .01). Furthermore, according to logistic regression analysis results after controlling for age and ethnicity, adolescents who used illicit substances in the past year were three times more likely to have a male partner who used marijuana or cocaine and were two times more likely to have a history of venereal disease compared with nonusers. The findings suggest that drug use, whether as a mechanism or a marker, is associated with social and medical characteristics that are likely to contribute to negative outcomes among adolescent mothers and their infants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
青少年怀孕和青少年吸毒是重要的临床和公共卫生问题。然而，很少有研究系统地调查怀孕和育有子女的青少年的物质使用模式。由于并非所有青少年母亲都会出现不良后果，使用非法药物可能是决定哪些母亲及其婴儿会出现不良后果的关键因素。在本研究中，描述了药物使用模式，并调查了253名怀孕青少年在人口统计学和心理社会特征方面的差异。通过访谈以及对大麻和可卡因进行尿液检测获得的结果表明，终生使用酒精的比例为84%，大麻为62%，可卡因 为23%，而过去一年使用大麻的比例为40%，可卡因 为17%。与未使用者相比，怀孕的青少年吸毒者更有可能是北美黑人，有选择性堕胎和性病病史，报告在怀孕期间有更多负面生活事件和暴力行为，并且从更有可能使用大麻和可卡因的婴儿父亲那里获得更多支持（P小于0.01）。此外，根据在控制年龄和种族后进行的逻辑回归分析结果，过去一年使用非法物质的青少年与未使用者相比，有男性伴侣使用大麻或可卡因的可能性高三倍，有性病病史的可能性高二倍。研究结果表明，药物使用，无论是作为一种机制还是一个标志，都与一些社会和医学特征相关，这些特征可能导致青少年母亲及其婴儿出现负面结果。（摘要截选至250字）
