Sandell R C, Pascoe M D, Noakes T D
Phys Sportsmed. 1988 Sep;16(9):86-94. doi: 10.1080/00913847.1988.11709598.
In brief: In a preliminary study to evaluate possible causes of exhaustion, 48 runners who collapsed during or after an ultramarathon race were questioned about their training methods. The training profiles were compared with those of matched controls who had finished the same race without collapsing. Possible contributing factors found among the collapsed runners included inadequate training, failing to carbohydrate load, not eating a prerace breakfast, prerace illness, and hypothermia (during one race, which was run in cold, wet, windy conditions). The authors suggest that regardless of athletic ability or previous racing experience, runners may be prone to collapse during or after ultramarathon races if their prerace training and preparation are inadequate.
在一项评估疲劳可能原因的初步研究中，对48名在超级马拉松比赛期间或赛后晕倒的跑步者询问了他们的训练方法。将这些训练情况与完成了同一场比赛且未晕倒的配对对照组的情况进行了比较。在晕倒的跑步者中发现的可能促成因素包括训练不足、未进行碳水化合物负荷训练、未吃赛前早餐、赛前生病以及体温过低（在一场在寒冷、潮湿、有风的条件下进行的比赛中）。作者建议，无论运动能力或以往的比赛经验如何，如果赛前训练和准备不足，跑步者在超级马拉松比赛期间或赛后可能容易晕倒。
