a Molecular Neuroscience Department , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA.
b Department of Psychology , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA.
Soc Neurosci. 2017 Oct;12(5):570-581. doi: 10.1080/17470919.2016.1205131. Epub 2016 Jul 13.
As society becomes more reliant on machines and automation, understanding how people utilize advice is a necessary endeavor. Our objective was to reveal the underlying neural associations during advice utilization from expert human and machine agents with fMRI and multivariate Granger causality analysis. During an X-ray luggage-screening task, participants accepted or rejected good or bad advice from either the human or machine agent framed as experts with manipulated reliability (high miss rate). We showed that the machine-agent group decreased their advice utilization compared to the human-agent group and these differences in behaviors during advice utilization could be accounted for by high expectations of reliable advice and changes in attention allocation due to miss errors. Brain areas involved with the salience and mentalizing networks, as well as sensory processing involved with attention, were recruited during the task and the advice utilization network consisted of attentional modulation of sensory information with the lingual gyrus as the driver during the decision phase and the fusiform gyrus as the driver during the feedback phase. Our findings expand on the existing literature by showing that misses degrade advice utilization, which is represented in a neural network involving salience detection and self-processing with perceptual integration.
随着社会越来越依赖机器和自动化，了解人们如何利用建议是一项必要的工作。我们的目标是通过 fMRI 和多元 Granger 因果分析揭示从人类和机器专家代理中利用建议时的潜在神经关联。在 X 射线行李安检任务中，参与者接受或拒绝来自人类或机器代理的好或坏的建议，这些代理被框定为具有操纵可靠性（高错误率）的专家。我们表明，与人类代理组相比，机器代理组减少了建议的利用，而这些在建议利用过程中的行为差异可以通过对可靠建议的高期望和由于错误而导致的注意力分配变化来解释。在任务期间涉及突显和心理化网络的大脑区域以及与注意力相关的感觉处理被招募，并且建议利用网络包括在决策阶段以舌回为驱动的感觉信息的注意力调制，以及在反馈阶段以梭状回为驱动的感觉信息的注意力调制。我们的发现通过表明错误会降低建议的利用，从而扩展了现有的文献，这一利用在涉及突显检测和自我处理以及感知整合的神经网络中得到体现。
