Kokkou Eleni, Siasos Gerasimos, Georgiopoulos Georgios, Oikonomou Evangelos, Verveniotis Aleksis, Vavuranakis Manolis, Zisimos Konstantinos, Plastiras Aris, Kollia Maria-Eleni, Stefanadis Christodoulos, Papavassiliou Athanasios G, Tousoulis Dimitris
Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Atherosclerosis. 2016 Aug;251:266-272. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.06.054. Epub 2016 Jul 1.
Smoking is associated with increased inflammatory process and impairment of fibrinolytic status. Concord grape juice (CGJ), a rich source of flavonoids, can modify cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CGJ on smoking-induced impairment of inflammatory and fibrinolytic status in healthy smokers.
We studied the effect of a 2-week oral treatment with CGJ in 26 healthy smokers on three occasions (day 0: baseline, day 7 and day 14) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over design. Measurements were carried out before (pSm) and 20 min after (Sm20) cigarette smoking. Serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) were measured as markers of inflammatory and fibrinolytic status, respectively.
Treatment with CGJ reduced pSm sICAM-1 levels (p < 0.001), while placebo had no impact on ICAM-1 levels (p = 0.31). Moreover, treatment with CGJ decreased pSm values of PAI-1 (p < 0.001) while placebo had no impact on PAI-1 levels (p = 0.89). Smoking induced an elevation in PAI-1 levels after smoking compared to pro-smoking levels in all study days and in both arms (CGJ and placebo) of the study (p < 0.001 for all). Interestingly, CGJ compared to placebo, attenuated the acute smoking increase in sICAM-1 and PAI-1 levels (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005 respectively).
CGJ consumption improved inflammatory and fibrinolytic status in healthy smokers and attenuated acute smoking induced increase in ICAM-1 and PAI-1 levels. These findings shed further light on the favorable effects of flavonoids in cardiovascular health.
吸烟与炎症反应增强及纤溶状态受损有关。康科德葡萄汁（CGJ）富含类黄酮，可改善心血管危险因素。我们旨在评估CGJ对健康吸烟者吸烟引起的炎症和纤溶状态损害的影响。
我们采用随机、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计，研究了26名健康吸烟者接受为期2周的CGJ口服治疗在三个时间点（第0天：基线、第7天和第14天）的效果。在吸烟前（pSm）和吸烟后20分钟（Sm20）进行测量。分别测量细胞间黏附分子-1（sICAM-1）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1（PAI-1）的血清水平作为炎症和纤溶状态的标志物。
CGJ治疗降低了pSm时的sICAM-1水平（p<0.001），而安慰剂对ICAM-1水平无影响（p=0.31）。此外，CGJ治疗降低了PAI-1的pSm值（p<0.001），而安慰剂对PAI-1水平无影响（p=0.89）。在所有研究日以及研究的两个组（CGJ组和安慰剂组）中，吸烟后PAI-1水平均高于吸烟前水平（所有p<0.001）。有趣的是，与安慰剂相比，CGJ减轻了吸烟后sICAM-1和PAI-1水平的急性升高（分别为p<0.001和p=0.005）。
饮用CGJ改善了健康吸烟者的炎症和纤溶状态，并减轻了吸烟引起的ICAM-1和PAI-1水平的急性升高。这些发现进一步揭示了类黄酮对心血管健康的有益作用。
