First Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Am J Hypertens. 2014 Jan;27(1):38-45. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpt176. Epub 2013 Sep 23.
Smoking is associated with impaired vascular function. Concord grape juice (CGJ), a rich source of flavonoids, can modify cardiovascular risk factors. Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are surrogate markers of arterial health. We examined the impact of CGJ on arterial wall properties in healthy smokers.
We studied the effect of a 2-week oral treatment with CGJ in 26 healthy smokers on 3 occasions (day 0 (baseline), day 7, and day 14) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. Measurements were taken before (pSm), immediately after (Sm0), and 20 minutes after (Sm20) cigarette smoking. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as an index of aortic stiffness.
Compared with placebo, treatment with CGJ resulted in a significant improvement in pSm values of FMD (P = 0.02) and PWV (P = 0.04). At baseline, smoking decreased FMD in both the CGJ group (P < 0.001) and the placebo group (P < 0.001). Compared with placebo, CGJ treatment prevented the acute smoking-induced decrease in FMD on day 7 (P = 0.02) and day 14 (P < 0.001). Moreover, at baseline, smoking induced a significant elevation in PWV in both the CGJ group (P = 0.02) and the placebo group (P = 0.04). Treatment with CGJ prevented the smoking-induced elevation in PWV on day 7 (P = 0.003) and day 14 (P < 0.001).
CGJ consumption improved endothelial function and vascular elastic properties of the arterial tree in healthy smokers and attenuated acute smoking-induced impairment of arterial wall properties.
吸烟与血管功能受损有关。康科德葡萄汁（CGJ）是一种富含类黄酮的物质，可以改变心血管危险因素。内皮功能和动脉僵硬度是动脉健康的替代标志物。我们研究了 CGJ 对健康吸烟者动脉壁特性的影响。
我们在一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉研究中，对 26 名健康吸烟者进行了为期 2 周的 CGJ 口服治疗，并在 3 个时间点（第 0 天（基线）、第 7 天和第 14 天）进行了研究。测量是在吸烟前（pSm）、吸烟后即刻（Sm0）和 20 分钟后（Sm20）进行的。肱动脉血流介导的舒张（FMD）用于评估内皮功能。颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度（PWV）用于测量主动脉僵硬度的指标。
与安慰剂相比，CGJ 治疗可显著改善 pSm 时的 FMD 值（P = 0.02）和 PWV（P = 0.04）。在基线时，吸烟导致 CGJ 组（P < 0.001）和安慰剂组（P < 0.001）的 FMD 降低。与安慰剂相比，CGJ 治疗可预防第 7 天和第 14 天吸烟引起的 FMD 急性降低（P = 0.02 和 P < 0.001）。此外，在基线时，吸烟可导致 CGJ 组（P = 0.02）和安慰剂组（P = 0.04）的 PWV 显著升高。CGJ 治疗可预防第 7 天和第 14 天吸烟引起的 PWV 升高（P = 0.003 和 P < 0.001）。
CGJ 摄入可改善健康吸烟者的内皮功能和动脉树的血管弹性特性，并减轻急性吸烟引起的动脉壁特性损害。
