RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
Nat Mater. 2016 Oct;15(10):1084-9. doi: 10.1038/nmat4693. Epub 2016 Jul 18.
Devices that respond to negligibly small fluctuations in environmental conditions will be of great value for the realization of more sustainable, low-power-consumption actuators and electronic systems. Herein we report an unprecedented film actuator that seemingly operates autonomously, because it responds to the adsorption and desorption of a minute amount of water (several hundred nanograms per 10 mm(2)) possibly induced by fluctuations in the ambient humidity. The actuation is extremely rapid (50 ms for one curl) and can be repeated >10,000 times without deterioration. On heating or light irradiation, the film loses adsorbed water and bends quickly, so that it can jump vertically up to 10 mm from a surface or hit a glass bead. The film consists of a π-stacked carbon nitride polymer, formed by one-pot vapour-deposition polymerization of guanidinium carbonate, and is characterized by a tough, ultralightweight and highly anisotropic layered structure. An actuator partially protected against water adsorption is also shown to walk unidirectionally.
对环境条件的极微小波动做出响应的器件对于实现更可持续、低功耗的致动器和电子系统将具有重要价值。在此，我们报告了一种前所未有的薄膜致动器，它似乎可以自主运行，因为它响应于环境湿度波动可能引起的少量水（每 10mm(2) 几百纳克）的吸附和解吸。致动非常迅速（一次卷曲 50ms），可重复 10000 次以上而不会恶化。加热或光照时，薄膜失去吸附的水并迅速弯曲，因此它可以从表面垂直跳跃高达 10mm 或撞击玻璃珠。该薄膜由通过胍碳酸盐的一锅蒸气沉积聚合形成的π堆积碳氮化物聚合物组成，并具有坚韧、超轻量级和各向异性的层状结构的特点。还展示了一种部分防止水吸附的致动器可以单向行走。
