Tancred Tara M, Schleiff Meike, Peters David H, Balabanova Dina
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, England .
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States of America .
Bull World Health Organ. 2016 Jul 1;94(7):491-500. doi: 10.2471/BLT.15.162818. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
To investigate the characteristics of health policy and systems research training globally and to identify recommendations for improvement and expansion.
We identified institutions offering health policy and systems research training worldwide. In 2014, we recruited participants from identified institutions for an online survey on the characteristics of the institutions and the courses given. Survey findings were explored during in-depth interviews with selected key informants.
The study identified several important gaps in health policy and systems research training. There were few courses in central and eastern Europe, the Middle East, North Africa or Latin America. Most (116/152) courses were instructed in English. Institutional support for courses was often lacking and many institutions lacked the critical mass of trained individuals needed to support doctoral and postdoctoral students. There was little consistency between institutions in definitions of the competencies required for health policy and systems research. Collaboration across disciplines to provide the range of methodological perspectives the subject requires was insufficient. Moreover, the lack of alternatives to on-site teaching may preclude certain student audiences such as policy-makers.
Training in health policy and systems research is important to improve local capacity to conduct quality research in this field. We provide six recommendations to improve the content, accessibility and reach of training. First, create a repository of information on courses. Second, establish networks to support training. Third, define competencies in health policy and systems research. Fourth, encourage multidisciplinary collaboration. Fifth, expand the geographical and language coverage of courses. Finally, consider alternative teaching formats.
调查全球卫生政策与体系研究培训的特点，并确定改进和扩展的建议。
我们确定了全球范围内提供卫生政策与体系研究培训的机构。2014年，我们从这些确定的机构中招募参与者，进行关于机构及所授课程特点的在线调查。在对选定的关键信息提供者进行深入访谈时探讨了调查结果。
该研究确定了卫生政策与体系研究培训中的几个重要差距。中东欧、中东、北非或拉丁美洲的课程很少。大多数（116/152）课程用英语授课。课程往往缺乏机构支持，许多机构缺乏支持博士生和博士后所需的受过培训人员的足够数量。各机构在卫生政策与体系研究所需能力的定义上几乎没有一致性。跨学科合作以提供该学科所需的一系列方法论视角的情况不足。此外，缺乏现场教学的替代方式可能会排除某些学生群体，如政策制定者。
卫生政策与体系研究培训对于提高当地在该领域开展高质量研究的能力很重要。我们提供了六项建议来改进培训的内容、可及性和覆盖面。第一，创建课程信息库。第二，建立支持培训的网络。第三，界定卫生政策与体系研究的能力。第四，鼓励多学科合作。第五，扩大课程的地理和语言覆盖范围。最后，考虑替代教学形式。
