Thivel D, Rumbold P L, King N A, Pereira B, Blundell J E, Mathieu M-E
Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2016 Oct;40(10):1469-1479. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2016.122. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
This review aims to determine if acute exercise affects subsequent energy and macronutrients intake in obese and non-obese children and adolescents.
Databases were searched between January 2015 and December 2015 for studies reporting energy and/or macronutrients intake immediately after an acute exercise and control condition, in children and adolescents. From the initial 118 references found, 14 were included for subsequent analysis after screening representing 31 acute exercise conditions that varied in intensity, duration and modality.
One study found increased energy intake after exercise, seven decreased and 23 revealed no change. The meta-analysis revealed a significant effect of acute exercise on intake in obese but not in lean youth by a mean difference of -0.430 (95% confidence interval=-0.703 to -0.157, P=0.002) displaying low heterogeneity (I=0.000; Q=5.875; d=9, P=0.752). The analysis showed that intense exercise only reduces intake in obese children (no intensity effect in lean). Unchanged macronutrients intake was reported in nine studies as opposed to three which found modified lipids, protein and/or carbohydrate intake.
Although acute exercise does not affect energy intake in lean, it appears to reduced food intake in obese youth when intense, without altering the macronutrients composition of the meal.
本综述旨在确定急性运动是否会影响肥胖及非肥胖儿童和青少年随后的能量及常量营养素摄入量。
检索2015年1月至2015年12月期间的数据库，查找有关儿童和青少年在急性运动及对照条件后立即报告能量和/或常量营养素摄入量的研究。从最初找到的118篇参考文献中，筛选后纳入14篇进行后续分析，代表31种急性运动条件，这些条件在强度、持续时间和方式上有所不同。
一项研究发现运动后能量摄入量增加，七项研究发现减少，23项研究显示无变化。荟萃分析显示，急性运动对肥胖青少年的摄入量有显著影响，而对瘦青少年则无显著影响，平均差异为-0.430（95%置信区间=-0.703至-0.157，P=0.002），异质性较低（I=0.000；Q=5.875；d=9，P=0.752）。分析表明，剧烈运动仅会降低肥胖儿童的摄入量（对瘦儿童无强度影响）。九项研究报告常量营养素摄入量未变，而三项研究发现脂质及蛋白质和/或碳水化合物摄入量有变化。
尽管急性运动不会影响瘦青少年的能量摄入，但剧烈运动似乎会减少肥胖青少年的食物摄入量，且不会改变膳食的常量营养素组成。
