Knechtle Beat, Aschmann André, Onywera Vincent, Nikolaidis Pantelis T, Rosemann Thomas, Rüst Christoph Alexander
a Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen , St. Gallen , Switzerland.
b Institute of Primary Care , University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland.
J Sports Sci. 2017 May;35(10):1012-1024. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1209302. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
The age for the fastest marathoners is well investigated, but not the age and nationality of the fastest. We investigated the age of peak marathon performance for the annual top 100 women and men competing in four races of the "World Marathon Majors" (Boston, Berlin, Chicago and New York) and the "Stockholm Marathon" between 2000 and 2014 using mixed-effects regression analyses and one-way ANOVA. Race times of Ethiopian men decreased to 2:14 h:min, but remained unchanged for Kenyan (2:14 h:min), Moroccan (2:15 h:min) and South African (2:18 h:min) men. Race times in Ethiopian (2:34 h:min), Kenyan (2:29 h:min) and South African (2:49 h:min) women showed no changes. Age increased in Ethiopian and South African men to 29.0 ± 5.0 and 32.0 ± 1.0 years, respectively. Age for Kenyan (29.9 ± 2.0 years) and Moroccan (34.9 ± 3.9 years) men remained unchanged. Age remained unchanged for Ethiopian (26.5 ± 2.0 years), Kenyan (30.0 ± 0.8 years) and South African (36.3 ± 7.0 years) women. In summary, Ethiopian men improved marathon race times, but not Ethiopian women. Age increased in Ethiopian men, but not in Ethiopian women. For practical applications, female and male marathoners from Ethiopia were the youngest and the fastest.
对于速度最快的马拉松运动员的年龄已有充分研究，但对于速度最快的运动员的年龄和国籍却研究不足。我们使用混合效应回归分析和单因素方差分析，对2000年至2014年间参加“世界马拉松大满贯”（波士顿、柏林、芝加哥和纽约）四项赛事以及“斯德哥尔摩马拉松赛”的年度百强男女马拉松运动员的最佳成绩年龄进行了调查。埃塞俄比亚男子的比赛成绩降至2小时14分，但肯尼亚（2小时14分）、摩洛哥（2小时15分）和南非（2小时18分）男子的成绩保持不变。埃塞俄比亚（2小时34分）、肯尼亚（2小时29分）和南非（2小时49分）女子的比赛成绩没有变化。埃塞俄比亚和南非男子的年龄分别增至29.0±5.0岁和32.0±1.0岁。肯尼亚（29.9±2.0岁）和摩洛哥（34.9±3.9岁）男子的年龄保持不变。埃塞俄比亚（26.5±2.0岁）、肯尼亚（30.0±0.8岁）和南非（36.3±7.0岁）女子的年龄保持不变。总之，埃塞俄比亚男子提高了马拉松比赛成绩，但埃塞俄比亚女子没有。埃塞俄比亚男子的年龄增加了，但埃塞俄比亚女子的年龄没有增加。在实际应用中，来自埃塞俄比亚的男女马拉松运动员是最年轻且速度最快的。
