Wolkoff P
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Indoor Air. 2017 Mar;27(2):246-260. doi: 10.1111/ina.12322. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
Eye irritation, for example dry or irritated eyes, is generally among top three reported symptoms in office-like environments, in particular among workplaces with cognitive demanding visual display unit (VDU) work. The symptoms are especially among middle and advanced ages and particularly among women more than men. The symptoms are also among the most commonly reported complaints in the eye clinic. To be in a position to interpret the high prevalence of eye symptoms, a multidisciplinary and integrated approach is necessary that involves the external eye physiology (separate from internal eye effects), eye diseases (evaporative dry eye (DE), aqueous-deficient DE, and gland dysfunctions), and risk factors that aggravate the stability of precorneal tear film (PTF) resulting in hyperosmolarity and initiation of inflammatory reactions. Indoor environmental, occupational and personal risk factors may aggravate the PTF stability; factors such as age, contact lenses, cosmetics, diet, draft, gender, low humidity and high temperature, medication, outdoor and combustion pollutants, and VDU work. Psychological stressors may further influence the reporting behavior of eye symptoms. The impact of the risk factors may occur in a combined and exacerbating manner.
例如眼睛干涩或受刺激等眼部不适，通常是在类似办公室的环境中报告的三大症状之一，尤其是在从事需要认知能力的视觉显示单元（VDU）工作的工作场所。这些症状在中年及老年人群中尤为常见，且女性比男性更为明显。这些症状也是眼科诊所最常报告的病症之一。为了能够解释眼部症状的高发病率，需要一种多学科综合方法，该方法涉及眼表生理学（与眼内效应分开）、眼部疾病（蒸发型干眼（DE）、泪液分泌不足型DE和腺体功能障碍）以及会加剧角膜前泪膜（PTF）稳定性从而导致高渗并引发炎症反应的危险因素。室内环境、职业和个人危险因素可能会加剧PTF的稳定性；这些因素包括年龄、隐形眼镜、化妆品、饮食、通风、性别、低湿度和高温、药物、室外和燃烧污染物以及VDU工作。心理压力源可能会进一步影响眼部症状的报告行为。危险因素的影响可能会以综合且加剧的方式出现。
