Smathers Amber Brook, Collins Shawn, Hewer Ian
J Perianesth Nurs. 2016 Aug;31(4):317-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.09.006. Epub 2016 Apr 2.
Breastfeeding has been shown to be beneficial in the development of infants, but sometimes, the breastfeeding mother may require anesthesia. It is important for perianesthesia caregivers to understand how the breastfed infant may be affected by the anesthetic medications received by the breastfeeding mother. This article reviews current literature on drug transfer into breast milk and specifically how anesthetic drugs may affect breastfed infants. The pharmacokinetics of drug transfer during lactation is described as well as considerations for perianesthesia providers when caring for breastfeeding patients. The results of this literature review provide evidence that there is little risk to the breastfed infant after the mother receives surgical anesthesia. However, the type of drug, the dosage, the timing of treatment, and the infant's age and health must be taken into consideration.
母乳喂养已被证明对婴儿发育有益，但有时，母乳喂养的母亲可能需要麻醉。围麻醉期护理人员了解母乳喂养的婴儿如何受到母乳喂养母亲所接受麻醉药物的影响非常重要。本文综述了关于药物转移至母乳的现有文献，特别是麻醉药物如何影响母乳喂养的婴儿。描述了哺乳期药物转移的药代动力学以及围麻醉期医护人员在护理母乳喂养患者时的注意事项。这篇文献综述的结果提供了证据，表明母亲接受手术麻醉后，母乳喂养的婴儿风险很小。然而，必须考虑药物类型、剂量、治疗时间以及婴儿的年龄和健康状况。
