Hubbard R W, Armstrong L E, Bracker M D
Phys Sportsmed. 1989 Jun;17(6):97-113. doi: 10.1080/00913847.1989.11709808.
In brief: This article reviews the causes and treatment of the common heat illnesses-heat syncope, heat exhaustion, and exertional heatstroke. The authors discuss the effectiveness of cooling heatstroke victims in ice water vs water that has been cooled to a temperature of 15° C. The latter method is more practical and has been found as effective as cooling with ice water. The authors also present the energy depletion model, which shows the cycle that results in reduced exercise/heat tolerance and significant morbidity and mortality in victims of exercise-induced hyperthermia. This model predicts that cellular/metabolic processes and deficits operate for some time after hyperthermia has subsided with cooling.
本文回顾了常见热相关疾病——热晕厥、热衰竭和劳力性热射病的病因及治疗方法。作者讨论了将热射病患者置于冰水中与置于冷却至15摄氏度的水中进行降温的效果。后一种方法更具实用性，且已发现其与用冰水冷却是同样有效的。作者还提出了能量耗竭模型，该模型展示了导致运动/耐热能力下降以及运动诱发体温过高受害者出现显著发病率和死亡率的循环过程。此模型预测，在体温过高通过降温消退后，细胞/代谢过程及缺陷仍会持续一段时间。
