O'Sullivan Aifric, Fitzpatrick Nick, Doyle Orla
1UCD Institute for Food and Health,University College Dublin,Dublin,Republic of Ireland.
2UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy,University College Dublin,Belfield,Dublin 4,Republic of Ireland.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 Jan;20(1):154-164. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016001877. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
To investigate the impact of an early intervention programme, Preparing for Life, on dietary intake between 12 and 36 months of age, and the mediating role played by diet on cognitive functioning.
A randomised controlled trial evaluation of a community-based home visiting programme. The intervention involved biweekly visits from mentors from pregnancy until age 5 years and parent training at age 2 years. Dietary intake was assessed at 12, 18, 24 and 36 months using an FFQ to calculate the proportion meeting dietary recommendations. Cognitive functioning was measured at 24 and 36 months. Treatment effects were estimated using conventional χ 2 tests, permutation testing, inverse probability weighting and the stepdown procedure. Mediation analysis examined the indirect effect of the intervention on cognitive functioning via its effect on dietary intake.
Socio-economically disadvantaged communities in Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
Pregnant women (n 233) were assigned to the intervention (n 115) or control (n 118) group using an unconditional probability randomisation strategy.
Positive treatment effects were observed for meeting dietary recommendations for protein foods at 24 (OR=2·52) and 36 (OR=2·42) months, and all food groups at 24 (OR=3·92) months. There were no effects on grain, dairy, fruit and vegetable, or fatty/sugary food recommendations in most models. The conventional and more novel methods yielded similar results. Mediation analysis indicated that 13 % of the intervention's effect on cognitive functioning was mediated by 36-month protein food consumption.
The study demonstrates some potential to alter early childhood dietary patterns through community-based intervention programmes.
研究早期干预项目“为生活做准备”对12至36个月大儿童饮食摄入的影响，以及饮食在认知功能中所起的中介作用。
对一项基于社区的家访项目进行随机对照试验评估。干预措施包括从孕期到5岁每两周一次的导师家访，以及在孩子2岁时对家长进行培训。在12、18、24和36个月时使用食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入，以计算符合饮食建议的比例。在24和36个月时测量认知功能。使用传统的χ²检验、置换检验、逆概率加权法和逐步递减法估计治疗效果。中介分析通过干预对饮食摄入的影响来检验其对认知功能的间接影响。
爱尔兰共和国都柏林社会经济弱势社区。
孕妇（n = 233）采用无条件概率随机化策略被分配到干预组（n = 115）或对照组（n = 118）。
在24个月（OR = 2.52）和36个月（OR = 2.42）时，在符合蛋白质食物饮食建议方面观察到积极的治疗效果，在24个月时（OR = 3.92）对所有食物组均有效果。在大多数模型中，对谷物、乳制品、水果和蔬菜或高脂肪/高糖食物建议没有影响。传统方法和更新颖的方法得出了相似的结果。中介分析表明，干预对认知功能的影响中有13%是由36个月时蛋白质食物的消费介导的。
该研究表明通过基于社区的干预项目改变幼儿饮食模式具有一定潜力。
