Veliz Philip, Boyd Carol J, McCabe Sean Esteban
Institute for Research on Women & Gender,
Institute for Research on Women & Gender, Addiction Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, and Health Behavior and Biological Sciences (HBBS), School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Pediatrics. 2016 Aug;138(2). doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-0677.
Previous research has found that adolescent athletes may be at increased risk of nonmedical prescription opioid use (NPOU) due to injuries. Although adolescent athletes are at an increased risk of engaging in NPOU, it has yet to be determined if they are also at greater risk for heroin use. The major purpose of this study was to examine both the trends in prevalence rates and patterns of initiation in lifetime NPOU and lifetime heroin use among adolescents who engage in sports and exercise.
Eighteen cross-sections of eighth and 10th graders were used from the Monitoring the Future study. The sample consisted of 191 682 respondents who answered questions on past-year participation in sports and exercise, lifetime NPOU, lifetime heroin use, age of NPOU onset, and age of heroin onset.
The trends in NPOU and lifetime heroin use among adolescents who engage in sports and exercise has declined between 1997 and 2014. Logistic regression analyses found that adolescents who engage in sports and exercise had lower odds of reporting lifetime NPOU and heroin use compared with adolescents who did not engage in these activities during the past year. Analyses among lifetime heroin users found that adolescents who engage in sports and exercise had lower odds of initiating NPOU before heroin when compared with their peers who did not engage in these activities in the past year.
Daily participation in sports and exercise may serve as a protective factor with respect to NPOU and heroin use.
先前的研究发现，青少年运动员因受伤可能有更高的非医疗处方阿片类药物使用（NPOU）风险。尽管青少年运动员从事NPOU的风险增加，但他们使用海洛因的风险是否也更高尚未确定。本研究的主要目的是调查从事体育和锻炼的青少年中，终生NPOU和终生海洛因使用的患病率趋势及起始模式。
使用了来自“监测未来”研究的18个八年级和十年级学生的横断面数据。样本包括191682名受访者，他们回答了关于过去一年参与体育和锻炼、终生NPOU、终生海洛因使用、NPOU起始年龄和海洛因起始年龄的问题。
1997年至2014年期间，从事体育和锻炼的青少年中NPOU和终生海洛因使用的趋势有所下降。逻辑回归分析发现，与过去一年未从事这些活动的青少年相比，从事体育和锻炼的青少年报告终生NPOU和海洛因使用的几率更低。对终生海洛因使用者的分析发现，与过去一年未从事这些活动的同龄人相比，从事体育和锻炼的青少年在开始使用海洛因之前开始使用NPOU的几率更低。
日常参与体育和锻炼可能是预防NPOU和海洛因使用的一个保护因素。
