Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2016 Nov;92:731-738. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.090. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
Sambuci flos, also known as elderflower, has traditionally been used and is still in use for treatment of various types of illnesses related to the immune system such as cold, flu, fever and inflammation. Pectic polysaccharides from 50% EtOH, 50°C water and 100°C water extracts from elderflowers were treated with endo-α-d-(1-4)-polygalacturonase after previous de-esterification with the intention of isolating hairy regions and relate variation in structure to immunomodulating activity. High molecular weight sub-fractions (25-29kDa) and medium molecular weight sub-fractions (6-17kDa) were isolated after enzymatic treatment in addition to oligogalacturonides. Structural elucidation indicated that RG-I regions with AG-I and AG-II sidechains were the predominant structures in the high molecular weight sub-fractions, and two of three 1,4-linked GalA units in the rhamnogalacturonan backbone were branched in either position 2 or 3. The medium molecular weight sub-fractions had monomers and linkages typical for both RG-I and RG-II. The results showed that the high molecular RG-I containing polymers exhibit the highest dose-dependent complement fixing and macrophage stimulating activities.
金雀花，也被称为接骨木花，传统上被用于治疗各种与免疫系统相关的疾病，如感冒、流感、发烧和炎症。本研究旨在通过内切α-d-(1-4)-聚半乳糖醛酸酶处理经先前酯解的 50%乙醇、50°C 水和 100°C 水提物中的果胶多糖，以分离绒毛区，并将结构变化与免疫调节活性联系起来，从金雀花中提取的 50%乙醇、50°C 水和 100°C 水提取物的果胶多糖。除寡半乳糖醛酸外，经酶处理后还分离出高分子量亚组分（25-29kDa）和中分子量亚组分（6-17kDa）。结构阐明表明，高分子量亚组分中主要结构为具有 AG-I 和 AG-II 侧链的 RG-I 区，在鼠李半乳糖醛酸聚糖主链的三个 1,4 连接的 GalA 单元中，有两个在 2 位或 3 位分支。中分子量亚组分具有 RG-I 和 RG-II 的典型单体和键合方式。结果表明，高分子 RG-I 聚合物表现出最高的剂量依赖性补体固定和巨噬细胞刺激活性。
