Coelho Adriana, Parola Vitor, Escobar-Bravo Miguel, Apóstolo João
Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
University of Lleida, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Lleida, Spain.
BMC Palliat Care. 2016 Aug 2;15:71. doi: 10.1186/s12904-016-0145-0.
Palliative care aims to provide maximum comfort to the patient. However it is unknown what factors facilitate or hinder the experience of comfort, from the perspective of inpatients of palliative care units. This lack of knowledge hinders the development of comfort interventions adjusted to these patients. The aim of this research is to describe the comfort and discomfort experienced by inpatients at palliative care units.
A phenomenological descriptive study was undertaken. Ten inpatients were recruited from a Spanish palliative care unit and seven from a Portuguese palliative care unit. Data were collected using individual interviews and analysed following the method of Giorgi.
Four themes reflect the essence of the lived experience: The Palliative Care as a response to the patient's needs with advanced disease, attempt to naturalize advanced disease, confrontation with their own vulnerability, openness to the spiritual dimension.
Informants revealed that they experience comfort through humanized care, differentiated environment, symptomatic control, hope and relationships. The discomfort emerges from the losses and powerlessness against their situation. Even if such findings may seem intuitive, documenting them is essential because it invites us to reflect on our convictions about what it means to be comfortable for these patients, and allows incorporating this information in the design of focused interventions to maximize the comfort experience.
姑息治疗旨在为患者提供最大程度的舒适。然而，从姑息治疗病房住院患者的角度来看，尚不清楚哪些因素促进或阻碍了舒适体验。这种知识的缺乏阻碍了针对这些患者的舒适干预措施的发展。本研究的目的是描述姑息治疗病房住院患者所经历的舒适与不适。
进行了一项现象学描述性研究。从西班牙的一个姑息治疗病房招募了10名住院患者，从葡萄牙的一个姑息治疗病房招募了7名。通过个人访谈收集数据，并按照 Giorgi 方法进行分析。
四个主题反映了生活体验的本质：姑息治疗作为对晚期疾病患者需求的回应、使晚期疾病自然化的尝试、面对自身脆弱性、对精神层面的开放态度。
受访者表示，他们通过人性化护理、独特的环境、症状控制、希望和人际关系体验到舒适。不适则源于失去以及对自身处境的无力感。即使这些发现看似直观，但记录下来至关重要，因为这促使我们反思对于这些患者而言舒适意味着什么的信念，并有助于将这些信息纳入针对性干预措施的设计中，以最大程度地提升舒适体验。
