Kim M K, Chon S J, Noe E B, Roh Y H, Yun B H, Cho S, Choi Y S, Lee B S, Seo S K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Osteoporos Int. 2017 Jan;28(1):299-308. doi: 10.1007/s00198-016-3717-1. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
Excessive amount of calcium intake increased risk for metabolic syndrome in men. However, modest amount decreased the risk of metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Modest amount of calcium also increased bone mineral density (BMD) in both men and postmenopausal women.
The present study aimed to evaluate the associations of dietary calcium intake with metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean men and women, especially postmenopausal women.
The study was performed using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2011) and included 14,705 participants (5953 men, 4258 premenopausal women, and 4494 postmenopausal women). Clinical and other objective characteristics, presence of metabolic syndrome, and the BMD of the femur neck and lumbar spine were evaluated according to dietary calcium intake.
There was a higher tendency for metabolic syndrome in men with a dietary calcium intake of >1200 mg/day than with ≤400 mg of calcium intake; >400 and ≤800 mg of calcium intake was helpful for postmenopausal women to decrease risk for metabolic syndrome. Overall, the group with calcium intake >400 and ≤800 mg daily had significantly increased BMD in both femoral neck and lumbar spine from both men and postmenopausal women. From both femoral neck and lumbar spine, the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women significantly decreased in the group whose calcium intake was >400 and ≤800 mg daily.
Excessive dietary calcium may increase the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men. For postmenopausal women, calcium intake does not increase the risk of metabolic syndrome, but modest amount decreases the risk. It may increase the BMD in men and postmenopausal women, and also reduce the prevalence of both osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.
男性钙摄入量过多会增加患代谢综合征的风险。然而，适量摄入可降低绝经后女性患代谢综合征和骨质疏松症的风险。适量的钙摄入还能增加男性和绝经后女性的骨矿物质密度（BMD）。
本研究旨在评估韩国男性和女性，尤其是绝经后女性的膳食钙摄入量与代谢综合征和骨矿物质密度（BMD）之间的关联。
该研究使用了韩国国家健康与营养检查调查（2008 - 2011年）的数据，纳入了14705名参与者（5953名男性、4258名绝经前女性和4494名绝经后女性）。根据膳食钙摄入量评估临床及其他客观特征、代谢综合征的存在情况以及股骨颈和腰椎的骨矿物质密度。
膳食钙摄入量>1200毫克/天的男性比钙摄入量≤400毫克的男性患代谢综合征的倾向更高；钙摄入量>400毫克且≤800毫克有助于绝经后女性降低患代谢综合征的风险。总体而言，每日钙摄入量>400毫克且≤800毫克的男性和绝经后女性组，其股骨颈和腰椎的骨矿物质密度均显著增加。在每日钙摄入量>400毫克且≤800毫克的绝经后女性组中，股骨颈和腰椎的骨质疏松患病率均显著降低。
膳食钙摄入过多可能会增加男性患代谢综合征的患病率。对于绝经后女性，钙摄入不会增加代谢综合征的风险，但适量摄入可降低风险。它可能会增加男性和绝经后女性的骨矿物质密度，还能降低绝经后女性骨质疏松症和代谢综合征的患病率。
