Neves Roberta C S, Camara Claudio A G da
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brasil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2016 Sep;88(3):1221-33. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201620140050. Epub 2016 Aug 4.
Tetranychus urticae is considered one of the main plagues in the world. Its occurrence in Pernambuco was registered for the first time in 1985 and it has caused considerable damage to the farmers, attacking different cultures of agricultural interest. The essential oils from different parts of Vitex agnus-castus harvested in the Atlantic forest in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, were obtained by hydrodistillation and the acaricidal potential was evaluated against Tetranychus urticae using two methods under laboratory conditions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of 47 components accounting for 98.8 ± 0.0%, 93.0 ± 0.1% and 97.4 ± 1.0% of the essential oils from the leaves, fruit and inflorescence, respectively. The compounds 1,8-cineole and β-(E)-farnesene were the major components of the oils from the leaves (17.6 ± 0.3% and 13.6 ± 0.2%, respectively) and fruit (17.5 ± 0.1% and 15.4 ± 0.0%, respectively). β-(E)-farnesene (13.5 ± 0.1%) and β-caryophyllene (11.7 ± 0.1%) were the major components of the oils from the flowers. Acaricidal action varied depending on the part of the plant and method employed. Through fumigation, the oil from the leaves (CL50= 0.61 μL L-1 of air) was approximately six fold more toxic than the oil from the fruit. However, through residual contact, the oil from the fruit (CL50 = 137.11 μLmL-1) was 1.1 fold more toxic than the oil from the leaves. The relationship between the chemical composition of the oils and acaricidal activity is also presented.
二斑叶螨被认为是世界上主要的害虫之一。它于1985年首次在伯南布哥州被记录到，对农民造成了相当大的损失，侵害了不同的农业经济作物。从巴西伯南布哥州大西洋森林中采集的荆条不同部位提取香精油，采用水蒸馏法获得，并在实验室条件下用两种方法评估其对二斑叶螨的杀螨潜力。气相色谱 - 质谱分析表明，叶、果实和花序的香精油中分别含有47种成分，占比分别为98.8±0.0%、93.0±0.1%和97.4±1.0%。1,8 - 桉叶素和β - (E) - 法尼烯是叶油（分别为17.6±0.3%和13.6±0.2%）和果油（分别为17.5±0.1%和15.4±0.0%）的主要成分。β - (E) - 法尼烯（13.5±0.1%）和β - 石竹烯（11.7±0.1%）是花油的主要成分。杀螨作用因植物部位和使用方法而异。通过熏蒸，叶油（CL50 = 0.61 μL L-1空气）的毒性比果油高约6倍。然而，通过残留接触，果油（CL50 = 137.11 μL mL-1）的毒性比叶油高1.1倍。还介绍了油的化学成分与杀螨活性之间的关系。
