Uriarte Silvia M, Edmisson Jacob S, Jimenez-Flores Emeri
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Department of Biology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2016 Sep;273(1):282-98. doi: 10.1111/imr.12451.
Neutrophils are a major component of the innate host response, and the outcome of the interaction between the oral microbiota and neutrophils is a key determinant of oral health status. The composition of the oral microbiome is very complex and different in health and disease. Neutrophils are constantly recruited to the oral cavity, and their protective role is highlighted in cases where their number or functional responses are impeded, resulting in different forms of periodontal disease. Periodontitis, one of the more severe and irreversible forms of periodontal disease, is a microbial-induced chronic inflammatory disease that affects the gingival tissues supporting the tooth. This chronic inflammatory disease is the result of a shift of the oral bacterial symbiotic community to a dysbiotic more complex community. Chronic inflammatory infectious diseases such as periodontitis can occur because the pathogens are able to evade or disable the innate immune system. In this review, we discuss how human neutrophils interact with both the symbiotic and the dysbiotic oral community; an understanding of which is essential to increase our knowledge of the periodontal disease process.
中性粒细胞是先天性宿主反应的主要组成部分，口腔微生物群与中性粒细胞之间相互作用的结果是口腔健康状况的关键决定因素。口腔微生物组的组成非常复杂，在健康和疾病状态下有所不同。中性粒细胞不断被招募到口腔中，在其数量或功能反应受到阻碍的情况下，其保护作用会凸显出来，从而导致不同形式的牙周疾病。牙周炎是牙周疾病中较为严重且不可逆的一种形式，是一种微生物诱导的慢性炎症性疾病，会影响支持牙齿的牙龈组织。这种慢性炎症性疾病是口腔细菌共生群落向失调的更复杂群落转变的结果。像牙周炎这样的慢性炎症性传染病之所以会发生，是因为病原体能够逃避或破坏先天性免疫系统。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了人类中性粒细胞如何与共生和失调的口腔群落相互作用；了解这一点对于增加我们对牙周疾病过程的认识至关重要。
