Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Feb;57(1):95-106. doi: 10.1007/s00394-016-1300-3. Epub 2016 Sep 3.
High fasting blood glucose (FBG) can lead to chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Consuming probiotics or synbiotics may improve FBG. A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials was conducted to clarify the effect of probiotic and synbiotic consumption on FBG levels.
PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases were searched for relevant studies based on eligibility criteria. Randomized or non-randomized controlled trials which investigated the efficacy of probiotics or synbiotics on the FBG of adults were included. Studies were excluded if they were review articles and study protocols, or if the supplement dosage was not clearly mentioned.
A total of fourteen studies (eighteen trials) were included in the analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for the mean difference in FBG. Overall reduction in FBG observed from consumption of probiotics and synbiotics was borderline statistically significant (-0.18 mmol/L 95 % CI -0.37, 0.00; p = 0.05). Neither probiotic nor synbiotic subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in FBG. The result of subgroup analysis for baseline FBG level ≥7 mmol/L showed a reduction in FBG of 0.68 mmol/L (-1.07, -0.29; ρ < 0.01), while trials with multiple species of probiotics showed a more pronounced reduction of 0.31 mmol/L (-0.58, -0.03; ρ = 0.03) compared to single species trials.
This meta-analysis suggests that probiotic and synbiotic supplementation may be beneficial in lowering FBG in adults with high baseline FBG (≥7 mmol/L) and that multispecies probiotics may have more impact on FBG than single species.
高空腹血糖（FBG）可导致糖尿病、心血管疾病和肾脏疾病等慢性病。食用益生菌或合生菌可能改善 FBG。本系统评价和荟萃分析对对照试验进行了综述，以明确益生菌和合生菌消费对 FBG 水平的影响。
根据纳入标准，检索 PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane 图书馆和 Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature 数据库中相关研究。纳入研究为调查益生菌或合生菌对成人 FBG 疗效的随机或非随机对照试验。如果研究为综述文章和研究方案，或者补充剂量未明确提及，则将其排除在外。
共有 14 项研究（18 项试验）纳入分析。对 FBG 的均数差进行随机效应荟萃分析。益生菌和合生菌联合使用观察到的 FBG 总体降低接近统计学意义（-0.18 mmol/L 95%CI -0.37, 0.00; p = 0.05）。益生菌和合生菌亚组分析均未显示 FBG 显著降低。基线 FBG 水平≥7 mmol/L 的亚组分析显示 FBG 降低 0.68 mmol/L（-1.07, -0.29; ρ < 0.01），而使用多种益生菌的试验与仅使用一种益生菌的试验相比，FBG 降低更明显，为 0.31 mmol/L（-0.58, -0.03; ρ = 0.03）。
本荟萃分析表明，益生菌和合生菌补充剂可能有益于降低高基线 FBG（≥7 mmol/L）成人的 FBG，并且多种益生菌可能比单一益生菌对 FBG 有更大影响。
