Caiazza Carmen, Mallardo Massimo
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II°, 81030 Napoli, Italy.
Microrna. 2016;5(2):113-119. doi: 10.2174/2211536605666160905093429.
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs able to suppress gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs for translational repression or, at lesser extent, degradation. miRNAs are widely expressed in tissues and organs and play fundamental roles in controlling cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, cell migration, autophagy and metabolism. Uncontrolled expression of miRNAs has been associated with cancer progression, and miRNA up- or down-regulation has been linked to oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles in cancers such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer and glioblastoma. Altered expression of the miRNA mir-25 has been reported in many human malignant tumors, participating in various cellular processes accordingly with its broad range of potential mRNAs target. In the present review, we briefly discuss the mechanisms underlying miR-25-mediated tumorigenesis in six different human cancers and its possible future as a potential diagnostic and prognostic parameter as well as therapeutic target in clinical applications.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA，能够通过靶向信使RNA来抑制基因表达，从而导致翻译抑制，或者在较小程度上导致信使RNA降解。miRNA在组织和器官中广泛表达，在控制细胞增殖、凋亡、分化、细胞迁移、自噬和代谢等方面发挥着重要作用。miRNA的失控表达与癌症进展相关，miRNA的上调或下调与乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肺癌、胃癌和胶质母细胞瘤等癌症中的致癌和肿瘤抑制作用有关。据报道，miR-25在许多人类恶性肿瘤中表达改变，由于其广泛的潜在mRNA靶点，参与了各种细胞过程。在本综述中，我们简要讨论了miR-25介导的六种不同人类癌症肿瘤发生的潜在机制，以及其作为潜在诊断和预后参数以及临床应用中治疗靶点的可能前景。
