Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, MN , USA.
Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Front Vet Sci. 2016 Aug 22;3:65. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00065. eCollection 2016.
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between prepartum feeding behavior, measured as time spent feeding per day, and periparturient health disorders, milk yield, milk composition, and milk somatic cell count in Jersey cows. Pregnant Jersey cows were marked with unique alphanumeric symbols and were moved into a prepartum group 4 weeks prior to their expected calving date. At enrollment, cows with a body condition score <2 or >4 or a locomotion score >3 were not included. Time spent feeding was measured using 10-min video scan sampling for 24-h periods of 2-4 days per week of the study. A total of 925 cows were eligible for analysis. Parity was based on lactation number at the time of enrollment and classified as nulliparous (cows pregnant with their first calf), primiparous (cows pregnant with their second calf), and multiparous (lactation ≥2). Multiparous cows with two or more health disorders spent approximately 10% less time feeding prepartum than cows that did not have any health disorders. Multiparous cows subsequently diagnosed with metritis had a tendency to spend 5% less time feeding prepartum than healthy counterparts. Primiparous cows with retained placenta had a 10% reduction in feeding time compared to healthy primiparous cows. Monitoring time spent feeding prepartum by primiparous and multiparous cows, even on a limited number of days, appeared to be beneficial in predicting cows at risk for periparturient health disorders. Real-time daily feeding behavior monitoring technologies that can be used by dairy farms are now available, which might prove to be even more helpful in identifying cows at risk for periparturient cow health disorders as more data points can be recorded for each cow and compared to her own behavior or that of specific cohorts.
本研究旨在探讨泽西牛产前采食量（每天采食量）与围产期健康障碍、产奶量、乳成分和乳体细胞数之间的关系。将怀孕的泽西牛用独特的字母数字符号标记，并在预计分娩日期前 4 周转移到产前组。在入组时，身体状况评分<2 或>4 或运动评分>3 的牛不包括在内。采食量通过每周 2-4 天每天 10 分钟的视频扫描采样来测量，持续 24 小时。共有 925 头奶牛符合分析条件。胎次基于入组时的泌乳次数，并分为初产（怀孕第一头小牛的奶牛）、经产（怀孕第二头小牛的奶牛）和经产（泌乳≥2）。有两种或两种以上健康障碍的经产牛产前采食量比没有任何健康障碍的牛少约 10%。随后被诊断为子宫炎的经产牛产前采食量比健康牛少 5%。患有胎衣不下的经产牛的采食量比健康经产牛减少了 10%。监测经产和初产牛产前的采食量，即使只监测几天，似乎也有助于预测围产期健康障碍风险较高的奶牛。现在已经有了可以在奶牛场使用的实时日常采食量监测技术，这些技术可能更有助于识别围产期奶牛健康障碍风险较高的奶牛，因为可以为每头奶牛记录更多的数据点，并与她自己的行为或特定牛群的行为进行比较。
