Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Br J Sports Med. 2017 Jan;51(1):58-63. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096435. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
The aim of the present study was to examine how six young female handball players (aged 13-14 years) perceived the transition from primary school to a sport-specialised secondary school.
Physical and physiological data as well as data from questionnaires were collected at baseline and after the first year at the sport school, and qualitative interviews were performed retrospectively after the first year at school.
Evidence of competition-related stressors, organisational stressors (sport and school balance) and personal stressors (social life and sport balance, lack of sleep and severe injuries) was found. Three girls developed long-lasting musculoskeletal injuries (>3 months out of ordinary training) and one experienced repeated short periods (≤2 weeks out of ordinary training) of injuries during the first year. Onset of menarche and a length growth between 6 and 8 cm during the first year were characteristic traits of the four injured girls.
From our small study, it appears that young athletes attending a specialised secondary sport school experienced many stressors due to a significant increase in training volume, reduction in sleeping time and development of severe and long-lasting injuries. Hence, trainers at sport schools, club trainers and parents need to communicate and support them in order to prevent this.
本研究旨在探讨六名 13-14 岁的年轻女手球运动员如何看待从小学到体育专项中学的过渡。
在基线和进入体育学校的第一年后收集身体和生理数据以及问卷调查数据，并在进入学校第一年后进行回顾性定性访谈。
发现了与比赛相关的压力源、组织压力源（运动和学校平衡）和个人压力源（社会生活和运动平衡、睡眠不足和严重受伤）的证据。三名女孩出现了长期的肌肉骨骼损伤（普通训练外超过 3 个月），一名女孩在第一年经历了反复的短期损伤（普通训练外≤2 周）。四名受伤女孩的特征是初潮和第一年身高增长 6-8 厘米。
从我们的小研究中可以看出，参加专项体育中学的年轻运动员由于训练量显著增加、睡眠时间减少以及严重和长期受伤而经历了许多压力源。因此，体育学校的教练、俱乐部教练和家长需要进行沟通并为他们提供支持，以防止这种情况发生。
