Kass Nancy E, Ali Joseph, Hallez Kristina, Hyder Adnan A
Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
BMJ Open. 2016 Sep 15;6(9):e012758. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012758.
Our primary aim was to evaluate the impact of US National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded bioethics training programmes (Fogarty bioethics training programmes, FBTPs) that trained individuals from Africa over the programme's first 10 years to examine changes between pretraining and post-training in individual achievement and to document any associations between individual, training programme and post-training accomplishments.
We surveyed trainees from the 10 bioethics programmes funded by NIH Fogarty International Center from 2000 to 2011 that included African trainees. McNemar's and Wilcoxon signed rank-sum tests were used to analyse pre-post levels of general and bioethics-related professional achievement. Likelihood of specific post-training achievement outcomes was measured using logistic regression including demographic, pretraining and intratraining variables.
10 different FBTPs that trained individuals from Africa from 2000 to 2011.
Of 253 eligible respondents, 171 completed the survey (response rate 67.6%).
Pre-post comparisons of professional achievement indicators (eg, serving in leadership roles, teaching, publishing manuscripts); likelihood of specific post-training achievement outcomes.
Post-training, respondents were significantly more likely to report serving in a leadership role, being an investigator on a research grant, serving on international committees, serving as a mentor, and publishing manuscripts than at pretraining. Post-training, significantly greater numbers of respondents reported bioethics-related achievements including being a bioethics instructor, serving on an Institutional Review Board (IRB), being an investigator on a bioethics grant and publishing bioethics-related manuscripts than pretraining. Controlling for other factors, there were no significant differences by gender in the post-training success of these participants in terms of leadership roles, being instructors, investigators on grants and holding IRB roles.
African trainees who participated in FBTPs reported significantly higher levels of professional achievement after training. There was no single factor-either demographic, related to a trainee's professional background, or in programme design-that consistently predicted greater levels of post-training achievement.
我们的主要目的是评估美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助的生物伦理学培训项目（福格蒂生物伦理学培训项目，FBTPs）在其首个10年中对来自非洲的人员进行培训所产生的影响，以研究培训前和培训后个人成就的变化，并记录个人、培训项目与培训后成就之间的任何关联。
我们对2000年至2011年由NIH福格蒂国际中心资助的10个生物伦理学项目的学员进行了调查，这些项目包括非洲学员。采用麦克尼马尔检验和威尔科克森符号秩和检验来分析培训前后一般和生物伦理学相关专业成就的水平。使用逻辑回归分析，包括人口统计学、培训前和培训期间变量，来衡量特定培训后成就结果的可能性。
2000年至2011年对来自非洲的人员进行培训的10个不同的FBTPs。
在253名符合条件的受访者中，171人完成了调查（回复率67.6%）。
专业成就指标的培训前后比较（例如，担任领导职务、教学、发表手稿）；特定培训后成就结果的可能性。
培训后，与培训前相比，受访者报告担任领导职务、作为研究基金的研究者、在国际委员会任职、担任导师以及发表手稿的可能性显著更高。培训后，报告生物伦理学相关成就的受访者数量显著多于培训前，这些成就包括担任生物伦理学教员、在机构审查委员会（IRB）任职、作为生物伦理学基金的研究者以及发表生物伦理学相关手稿。在控制其他因素后，这些参与者在培训后担任领导职务、作为教员、研究基金研究者以及担任IRB成员方面的成功在性别上没有显著差异。
参加FBTPs的非洲学员在培训后报告的专业成就水平显著更高。没有单一因素——无论是人口统计学因素、与学员专业背景相关的因素还是项目设计因素——能够始终预测更高水平的培训后成就。
