Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2017 Apr 1;3(2):108-117. doi: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvw028.
Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the human body and is the second most prevalent cation in intracellular tissues. Myocardial cell action potentials are mediated by voltage-dependent Na+, K+, and Ca2+ channels which, when their function is altered, can lead to the genesis of cardiac dysrythmias. Magnesium regulates the movement of ions through these channels within myocardial tissues. The potential ability of magnesium supplementation to prevent and/or treat arrhythmias has been recognized in clinical medicine for years. This includes termination of torsade de pointes, prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation, acute treatment of atrial fibrillation, and improving the efficacy and safety of antiarrhythmic drugs. Despite what is currently known about magnesium's therapeutic potential, a number of limitations and gaps to the literature exist. This includes an unclear link between correction of intracellular magnesium concentrations and both mechanistic and clinical outcomes, small sample sizes, varying routes of administration and doses, as well as short follow-up periods. This review highlights these gaps and recommends areas of need for future research.
镁是人体内第四丰富的阳离子，也是细胞内组织中第二丰富的阳离子。心肌细胞动作电位由电压依赖性 Na+、K+ 和 Ca2+通道介导，当这些通道的功能改变时，可能导致心律失常的发生。镁调节心肌组织中这些通道内离子的运动。镁补充剂预防和/或治疗心律失常的潜在能力在临床医学中已得到认可多年。这包括终止尖端扭转型室性心动过速、预防术后心房颤动、急性治疗心房颤动以及提高抗心律失常药物的疗效和安全性。尽管目前已经了解了镁的治疗潜力，但文献中仍然存在一些局限性和空白。这包括细胞内镁浓度的纠正与机制和临床结果之间的联系不明确、样本量小、给药途径和剂量不同，以及随访时间短。本综述强调了这些空白，并为未来的研究推荐了需要关注的领域。
