Parsa Parisa, Mirmohammadi Ameneh, Khodakarami Batoul, Roshanaiee Godratalah, Soltani Farzaneh
Research Center for Chronic Diseases Home Care, Mother and Child Health, Hamadan University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hamadan, Iran E-mail :
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(8):3849-54.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in women worldwide; lack of awareness of symptoms and delay on diagnosis of breast cancer are the main causes of mortality. This study was conducted with the purpose of assessing the effect of educational consultation for breast self-examination (BSE) based on the health belief model (HBM) on the knowledge and performance of women over 40 years attending health care centers in Hamadan, Iran.
In this quasi-experimental study, eligible women admitted to health centers in Hamadan city in 2015 were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (n=75 in each group). The intervention group received 4 weekly sessions of breast cancer screening consulting based on the HBM. Control group received only routine care. Knowledge, HBM constructs, and BSE practice were compared between the groups before, immediately after and three months after the consultation.
Before the intervention, no significant differences were observed in knowledge, health belief and practice between two groups. However, after the intervention a significant difference was observed between two groups in mean scores of perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and the health motivations (<0.05). Significant differences were also observed in terms of knowledge and BSE practice (<.01).
The results indicate the importance of consultation on knowledge and beliefs to improve BSE performance and prevention of breast cancer in Iranian women.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤；对症状缺乏认识以及乳腺癌诊断延迟是导致死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在评估基于健康信念模型（HBM）的乳房自我检查（BSE）教育咨询对伊朗哈马丹市40岁以上前往医疗保健中心就诊的女性的知识和行为的影响。
在这项准实验研究中，2015年入住哈马丹市健康中心的符合条件的女性被随机分为干预组和对照组（每组n = 75）。干预组接受了基于HBM的为期4周的乳腺癌筛查咨询。对照组仅接受常规护理。在咨询前、咨询后立即以及咨询后三个月对两组之间的知识、HBM结构和BSE行为进行比较。
干预前，两组在知识、健康信念和行为方面未观察到显著差异。然而，干预后，两组在感知益处、感知障碍、自我效能和健康动机的平均得分方面存在显著差异（<0.05）。在知识和BSE行为方面也观察到显著差异（<.01）。
结果表明咨询对知识和信念的重要性，以提高伊朗女性的BSE行为并预防乳腺癌。
