Teixeira Alexandre Abilio de Souza, Lira Fábio Santos, Pimentel Gustavo D, Oliveira de Souza Camila, Batatinha Helena, Biondo Luana A, Yamashita Alex S, Junior Edson A Lima, Neto José Cesar Rosa
Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Cell Biology and Development - Institute of Biomedical Sciences I - University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Faculty of Nutrition - Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiania, GO, Brazil.
Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2016;26(3):187-98. doi: 10.1615/CritRevEukaryotGeneExpr.2016016490.
White adipose tissue (WAT) is no longer considered a tissue whose main function is the storage of TAG. Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, several studies have elucidated the important role of WAT as an endocrine organ, the source of the adipokines. The low-grade inflammation observed in obese and cancer cachexia patients is explained, at least partially, by the exacerbated release of proinflammatory adipokines. Despite of the recent progress in the characterization of the various adipokines and lipokines produced by WAT, little is known about the mechanisms regulating the secretion of these molecules in different physiological and pathological circumstances. Chronic exercise is a nonpharmacological therapy employed in several chronic diseases and shows an anti-inflammatory effect through the regulation of the cytokine network. In this review, we address the potential mechanisms by which the aerobic physical exercise modulate the production and release of inflammatory adipokines, as well as the inflammation-lipolysis axis in WAT, with special focus in the therapeutic role of exercise in obesity-associated insulin resistance and cancer cachexia.
白色脂肪组织（WAT）不再被认为是一个主要功能为储存甘油三酯（TAG）的组织。自1994年发现瘦素以来，多项研究阐明了WAT作为内分泌器官的重要作用，即脂肪因子的来源。肥胖和癌症恶病质患者中观察到的低度炎症至少部分是由促炎脂肪因子的过度释放所解释的。尽管最近在WAT产生的各种脂肪因子和脂质因子的表征方面取得了进展，但对于在不同生理和病理情况下调节这些分子分泌的机制仍知之甚少。慢性运动是一种用于多种慢性疾病的非药物疗法，通过调节细胞因子网络显示出抗炎作用。在这篇综述中，我们探讨有氧体育锻炼调节炎症性脂肪因子产生和释放以及WAT中炎症-脂肪分解轴的潜在机制，特别关注运动在肥胖相关胰岛素抵抗和癌症恶病质中的治疗作用。
