Zimatkin S, Lindros K O
Institute of Biochemistry, Byelorussian SSR Academy of Sciences, Grodno.
Alcohol. 1989 Jul-Aug;6(4):321-5. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(89)90090-6.
Brain samples from rats genetically selected for high or low voluntary alcohol intake (AA and ANA strains) or for differences in alcohol-induced motor incoordination (AT and ANT strains) were analyzed by histochemistry for aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3; ALDH) activity in various CNS structures. All strains exhibited the highest ALDH activities in neurons of the mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve nucleus and in spinal cord motoneurons, while the lowest activities were observed in the somatosensory cortex. Although the general distribution pattern of ALDH activity was similar in the genetically selected strains, some potentially important differences were observed. AA rats with high voluntary alcohol consumption had lower ALDH activity (with acetaldehyde as substrate) in the neuropil of the olfactory tubercle but higher activity (with benzaldehyde as substrate) in the spinal cord motoneurons, Purkinje cells and capillary endothelium of the cerebellum as compared to the corresponding structures from the alcohol avoiding ANA rats. Alcohol-resistant AT rats had higher ALDH activity, with benzaldehyde, in most CNS structures than did the alcohol-sensitive ANT's, significantly so in the lamina II of the somatosensory cortex and the neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area. This relationship was also found with acetaldehyde as substrate in the neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei and in cerebellar capillaries, but the ANT's had the higher activity in the neurons of the cerebral cortex V lamina. We suggest that some of the differences observed may relate to the differences between the rat strains with respect to voluntary alcohol intake and alcohol-induced motor incoordination.
对经基因筛选具有高或低自愿酒精摄入量（AA和ANA品系）或酒精诱导运动不协调差异（AT和ANT品系）的大鼠脑样本进行组织化学分析，以检测各种中枢神经系统结构中的醛脱氢酶（EC 1.2.1.3；ALDH）活性。所有品系在三叉神经核中脑束神经元和脊髓运动神经元中表现出最高的ALDH活性，而在躯体感觉皮层中活性最低。尽管在基因筛选的品系中ALDH活性的总体分布模式相似，但也观察到了一些潜在的重要差异。与避免酒精的ANA大鼠的相应结构相比，自愿酒精消耗量高的AA大鼠在嗅结节神经纤维网中的ALDH活性较低（以乙醛为底物），但在脊髓运动神经元、浦肯野细胞和小脑毛细血管内皮中的活性较高（以苯甲醛为底物）。抗酒精的AT大鼠在大多数中枢神经系统结构中以苯甲醛为底物时的ALDH活性高于酒精敏感的ANT大鼠，在躯体感觉皮层第II层和外侧下丘脑区域的神经元中差异显著。在下丘脑弓状核神经元和小脑毛细血管中以乙醛为底物时也发现了这种关系，但在大脑皮层V层神经元中ANT大鼠的活性较高。我们认为观察到的一些差异可能与大鼠品系在自愿酒精摄入量和酒精诱导运动不协调方面的差异有关。
