Rideout Todd C, Harding Scott V, Raslawsky Amy, Rempel Curtis B
a Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , NY , USA.
b Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division , King's College London , London , United Kingdom.
J Diet Suppl. 2017 May 4;14(3):334-345. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2016.1229371. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
Resistant starch (RS) has been well characterized for its glycemic control properties; however, there is little consensus regarding the influence of RS on blood lipid concentrations and lipoprotein distribution and size. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the effect of daily RS supplementation in a controlled capsule delivery on biomarkers of cardiovascular (blood lipids, lipoproteins) and diabetes (glucose, insulin) risk in a pig model. Twelve 8-week-old male Yorkshire pigs were placed on a synthetic Western diet and randomly divided into two groups (n = 6/group) for 30 days: (1) a placebo group supplemented with capsules containing unmodified pre-gelatinized potato starch (0 g/RS/day); and (2) an RS group supplemented with capsules containing resistant potato starch (10 g/RS/day). Serum lipids including total-cholesterol (C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides did not differ (p > 0.05) between the RS and placebo groups. Although the total numbers of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles were similar (p > 0.05) between the two groups, total high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were higher (+28%, p < 0.05) in the RS group compared with placebo, resulting from an increase (p < 0.05) in the small HDL subclass particles (+32%). Compared with the placebo group, RS supplementation lowered (p < 0.05) fasting serum glucose (-20%) and improved (p < 0.05) insulin resistance as estimated by Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) without a change in insulin. Additionally, total serum glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) was higher (+141%, p < 0.05) following RS supplementation compared with placebo. This data suggests that in addition to the more well-characterized effect of RS intake in lowering blood glucose and improving insulin sensitivity, the consumption of RS may be beneficial in lipid management strategies by enhancing total HDL particle number.
抗性淀粉（RS）因其血糖控制特性已得到充分表征；然而，关于RS对血脂浓度以及脂蛋白分布和大小的影响，目前尚未达成共识。因此，本研究旨在通过猪模型，表征在可控胶囊递送中每日补充RS对心血管（血脂、脂蛋白）和糖尿病（血糖、胰岛素）风险生物标志物的影响。将12只8周龄雄性约克夏猪置于合成西式饮食中，并随机分为两组（每组n = 6），持续30天：（1）安慰剂组，补充含有未改性预糊化马铃薯淀粉的胶囊（0克/天RS）；（2）RS组，补充含有抗性马铃薯淀粉的胶囊（10克/天RS）。RS组和安慰剂组之间的血清脂质，包括总胆固醇（C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和甘油三酯，没有差异（p > 0.05）。尽管两组之间极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）颗粒总数相似（p > 0.05），但与安慰剂相比，RS组的总高密度脂蛋白（HDL）颗粒更高（+28%，p < 0.05），这是由于小HDL亚类颗粒增加（p < 0.05）（+32%）所致。与安慰剂组相比，补充RS可降低（p < 0.05）空腹血清葡萄糖（-20%），并改善（p < 0.05）通过稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）估计的胰岛素抵抗，而胰岛素水平无变化。此外，与安慰剂相比，补充RS后血清胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）总量更高（+141%，p < 0.05）。这些数据表明，除了RS摄入在降低血糖和改善胰岛素敏感性方面更明确表征的作用外，食用RS可能通过增加总HDL颗粒数量而有利于脂质管理策略。
