Zhang Liang, Yao Chao Hua
Palmer College of Chiropractic, Florida Campus, Port Orange, FL; Palmer Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Port Orange, FL.
Palmer Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Port Orange, FL.
J Chiropr Med. 2016 Sep;15(3):190-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.04.016. Epub 2016 May 26.
Although tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a well-known inflammatory cytokine in the pathological development of various human diseases, its physiological roles are not widely understood nor appreciated. The molecular mechanisms underlying spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) remain elusive. The relationship between TNF and SMT is unclear. Thus, we performed this literature review to better understand TNF physiology and its potential relationship with SMT, and we propose a novel mechanism by which SMT may achieve clinical benefits by using certain beneficial features of TNF.
We searched several databases for relevant articles published between 1975 and 2015 and then reexamined the studies from current immunophysiological perspectives.
The history and recent progresses in TNF physiology research were explored. Conflicting reports on the relationship between TNF and SMT were identified. Based on the newly discovered interaction between TNF and regulatory T cells, we proposed a putative biphasic TNF response to SMT, which may resolve the conflicts in the reported observations and interpretations.
The current literature about TNF informed our discussion of new physiological roles for TNF, which may help to better understand the physiological effects of SMT.
尽管肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）在多种人类疾病的病理发展过程中是一种广为人知的炎性细胞因子，但其生理作用尚未得到广泛的理解和重视。脊柱推拿疗法（SMT）的分子机制仍不清楚。TNF与SMT之间的关系尚不明确。因此，我们进行了这项文献综述，以更好地理解TNF的生理学及其与SMT的潜在关系，并提出一种新机制，即SMT可能通过利用TNF的某些有益特性来实现临床益处。
我们在多个数据库中搜索了1975年至2015年间发表的相关文章，然后从当前免疫生理学角度重新审视这些研究。
探讨了TNF生理学研究的历史和最新进展。发现了关于TNF与SMT关系的相互矛盾的报道。基于新发现的TNF与调节性T细胞之间的相互作用，我们提出了一种推测的SMT双相TNF反应，这可能解决所报道观察结果和解释中的冲突。
当前关于TNF的文献为我们讨论TNF的新生理作用提供了依据，这可能有助于更好地理解SMT的生理效应。
