Zalila-Kolsi Imen, Ben Mahmoud Afif, Ali Hacina, Sellami Sameh, Nasfi Zina, Tounsi Slim, Jamoussi Kaïs
Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box: "1177", 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box: "1177", 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
Microbiol Res. 2016 Nov;192:148-158. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.06.012. Epub 2016 Jul 6.
Bacillus species are attractive due to their potential use in the biological control of fungal diseases. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain BLB369, Bacillus subtilis strain BLB277, and Paenibacillus polymyxa strain BLB267 were isolated and identified using biochemical and molecular (16S rDNA, gyrA, and rpoB) approaches. They could produce, respectively, (iturin and surfactin), (surfactin and fengycin), and (fusaricidin and polymyxin) exhibiting broad spectrum against several phytopathogenic fungi. In vivo examination of wheat seed germination, plant height, phenolic compounds, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents proved the efficiency of the bacterial cells and the secreted antagonist activities to protect Tunisian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) cultivar Om Rabiia against F. graminearum fungus. Application of single bacterial culture medium, particularly that of B. amyloliquefaciens, showed better protection than combinations of various culture media. The tertiary combination of B. amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis, and P. polymyxa bacterial cells led to the highest protection rate which could be due to strains synergistic or complementary effects. Hence, combination of compatible biocontrol agents could be a strategic approach to control plant diseases.
芽孢杆菌属因其在真菌病害生物防治中的潜在用途而备受关注。使用生化和分子（16S rDNA、gyrA和rpoB）方法分离并鉴定了解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌株BLB369、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株BLB277和多粘类芽孢杆菌菌株BLB267。它们分别能够产生（伊枯草菌素和表面活性素）、（表面活性素和丰原素）以及（镰刀菌素和多粘菌素），对多种植物病原真菌具有广谱抗性。对小麦种子发芽率、株高、酚类化合物、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量的体内检测证明了细菌细胞及其分泌的拮抗活性对保护突尼斯硬粒小麦（Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum）品种Om Rabiia免受禾谷镰刀菌侵害的有效性。单一细菌培养基的应用，尤其是解淀粉芽孢杆菌的培养基，比各种培养基组合表现出更好的保护效果。解淀粉芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和多粘类芽孢杆菌细胞的三元组合导致了最高的保护率，这可能归因于菌株的协同或互补作用。因此，兼容的生物防治剂组合可能是控制植物病害的一种策略性方法。
