Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Str. Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2016 Dec;12(6):664-681. doi: 10.1007/s12015-016-9684-2.
Traditional methods for tissue regeneration commonly used synthetic scaffolds to regenerate human tissues. However, they had several limitations, such as foreign body reactions and short time duration. In order to overcome these problems, scaffolds made of natural polymers are preferred. One of the most suitable and widely used materials to fabricate these scaffolds is hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronic acid is the primary component of the extracellular matrix of the human connective tissue. It is an ideal material for scaffolds used in tissue regeneration, thanks to its properties of biocompatibility, ease of chemical functionalization and degradability. In the last few years, especially from 2010, scientists have seen that the cell-based engineering of these natural scaffolds allows obtaining even better results in terms of tissue regeneration and the research started to grow in this direction. Multipotent stromal cells, also known as mesenchymal stem cells, plastic-adherent cells isolated from bone marrow and other mesenchymal tissues, with self-renew and multi-potency properties are ideal candidates for this aim. Normally, they are pre-seeded onto these scaffolds before their implantation in vivo. This review discusses the use of hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds together with multipotent stromal cells, as a very promising tool in regenerative medicine.
传统的组织再生方法通常使用合成支架来再生人体组织。然而，它们存在一些局限性，如异物反应和持续时间短。为了克服这些问题，人们更喜欢使用天然聚合物制成的支架。其中最适合和广泛使用的材料之一是透明质酸。透明质酸是人体结缔组织细胞外基质的主要成分。由于其生物相容性、易于化学功能化和可降解性，它是组织再生用支架的理想材料。在过去的几年中，特别是自 2010 年以来，科学家们已经看到，这些天然支架的基于细胞的工程可以在组织再生方面获得更好的效果，研究开始朝着这个方向发展。多能基质细胞，也称为间充质干细胞，是从骨髓和其他间充质组织中分离出来的、具有自我更新和多能性的贴壁细胞，是实现这一目标的理想候选细胞。通常，它们在体内植入前预先接种到这些支架上。本文综述了透明质酸基支架与多能基质细胞一起作为再生医学中非常有前途的工具的应用。
