Lee Wonjong, Woo Eun-Rhan, Lee Dong Gun
a School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.
b College of Pharmacy , Chosun University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea.
Free Radic Res. 2016 Dec;50(12):1309-1318. doi: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1241395. Epub 2016 Oct 19.
Phytol, isolated from Aster yomena, is widely distributed as a constituent of chlorophyll. In the present study, we confirmed the antibacterial activity of phytol and its mechanism inducing oxidative cell death in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In phytol-treated cells, elevated level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transient NADH depletion were observed. These results demonstrated that phytol induced ROS accumulation and that the electron transport chain was involved in increase of ROS. Due to this ROS generation, the imbalance developed between intracellular ROS and the antioxidant defense system, leading to decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH). Moreover, severe DNA damage was shown after treatment with phytol. DNA electrophoresis and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay were conducted with pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to evaluate the cause of DNA damage. In NAC-pretreated cells, alleviated damage was confirmed and it supports that phytol induces oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage. In conclusion, phytol exerts the antibacterial property via inducing oxidative stress response in P. aeruginosa.
从紫菀中分离出的叶绿醇作为叶绿素的一种成分广泛分布。在本研究中，我们证实了叶绿醇的抗菌活性及其在铜绿假单胞菌中诱导氧化细胞死亡的机制。在用叶绿醇处理的细胞中，观察到细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平升高和短暂的NADH消耗。这些结果表明，叶绿醇诱导ROS积累，并且电子传递链参与了ROS的增加。由于这种ROS的产生，细胞内ROS与抗氧化防御系统之间出现失衡，导致还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）减少。此外，用叶绿醇处理后显示出严重的DNA损伤。用抗氧化剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）预处理后进行DNA电泳和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶dUTP缺口末端标记（TUNEL）分析，以评估DNA损伤的原因。在NAC预处理的细胞中，证实损伤减轻，这支持了叶绿醇诱导氧化应激介导的DNA损伤。总之，叶绿醇通过在铜绿假单胞菌中诱导氧化应激反应发挥抗菌特性。
