Sinha Krishnendu, Ghosh Jyotirmoy, Sil Parames C
Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Government of West Bengal, Jhargram, 721507, West Bengal, India.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;928:453-471. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_19.
Chronic diseases can be referred to the long-term medical conditions which are mostly progressive in nature, i.e., it deteriorates over time. Diabetes, arthritis, heart disease, stroke, cancer, and chronic respiratory problems (e.g., COPD) are not a few examples of chronic diseases and chronic diseases are the leading causes of death and disability all over the world. Chronic diseases and conditions are among the most common, costly, and preventable of all health problems. Affordable cost, presence mostly in the consumables, and minimal side effects make the naturally occurring compounds interesting and attractive for pharmacological study in recent years. Plants produce diverse types of low molecular weight products mainly for the defense purpose. Among them, the group of secondary metabolites related to a polyphenolic group has been named flavonoids and are of great interest due to their incredible pharmacological properties. In these regard, due to its potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and many important pharmacological properties (relevant to chronic diseases, e.g., urate transporter inhibitor related to gout, modulator of immunosystem related to chronic hypersensitivity, etc.), morin [morin hydrate:2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-1-benzopy ran-4-one; 3,5,7,20,40 pentahydroxyflavone], widely found among the Moraceae family, considered as one of the most important key bioflavonols. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of its action on such conditions. In this chapter, we have summarized most of the findings, if not all, available till date.
慢性病是指长期的医疗状况，其本质上大多是渐进性的，即会随着时间推移而恶化。糖尿病、关节炎、心脏病、中风、癌症以及慢性呼吸道问题（如慢性阻塞性肺疾病）都是慢性病的一些例子，慢性病是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因。慢性病是所有健康问题中最常见、成本最高且最可预防的疾病之一。近年来，天然存在的化合物因其成本低廉、大多存在于消耗品中且副作用极小，而在药理学研究中备受关注且具有吸引力。植物产生多种低分子量产物主要是出于防御目的。其中，与多酚类相关的次生代谢产物组被称为黄酮类化合物，因其具有令人难以置信的药理特性而备受关注。在这方面，由于桑色素[桑色素水合物：2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-3,5,7-三羟基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮；3,5,7,2',4'-五羟基黄酮]在桑科植物中广泛存在，被认为是最重要的关键生物黄酮醇之一。然而，人们对其作用于这些病症的分子机制知之甚少。在本章中，我们总结了迄今为止几乎所有已有的研究发现。
